222 SYSTEMATIC POMOLOGY. 



Fruit large, roundish, conical ; surface yellow, mostly covered with 

 bright mixed red, with indistinct dark crimson stripes and splashes; 

 dots white, minute; cavity nearly or quite flat, often with protuber- 

 ances around and against stem; stem long; basin narrow, wrinkled; 

 calyx closed. Core closed; tube conical; stamens median; flesh 

 yellowish white, acid. Good for culinary use. September, October. 



Marengo. Said to be a seedling found in the rows of an old seedling 

 nursery of apple-stocks. Discovery attributed to James F. Lester, 

 Marengo, Illinois. Young shoots vigorous, reddish brown, with the 

 gray specks, bloom, and scaly cuticle peculiar to the Siberian. 



Fruit large, roundish, flattened at blossom end; surface smooth, 

 bright warm red on j^ellow ground; dots few, gray or light russet; 

 cavity narrow; stem long, slender; basin broad, open, corrugated; 

 calyx closed; flesh yellowish white, crisp, juicy, a little harsh until 

 fully ripe, when it is a mild and pleasant subacid. Early winter to 

 late in spring. (Downing.) 



Martha. Originated by the late Peter M. Gideon, Excelsior, 

 Minnesota. 



Fruit large, oblate, very regular; surface smooth, yellow, almost 

 entirely covered with a beautiful bright red, with a bluish bloom, 

 no stripes or splashes; dots white, conspicuous; cavity wide, regular; 

 stem long; basin very wide, nearly flat; segments often nearly 

 obsolete. Core closed; flesh yellowish white, acid, good for culinary 

 use. September to December. 



Mary (Gideon's No. 6). Originated by Peter M. Gideon, Excelsior, 

 Minnesota. 



Fruit very large for a crab, oblate, very regular; surface a beautiful 

 solid dark crimson, with heavy blue bloom; dots minute, white, few, 

 obscure; cavity obtuse, regular; stem about one inch long; basin 

 wide, smooth; shallow; calyx closed; segments erect convergent. 

 Core half open; tube funnel-shaped; stamens marginal; cells ovate, 

 entire; flesh white, sharp subacid, good. August, September. 



Mercer. A native crab originated in Mercer County, Illinois; 

 introduced by N. K. Fluke, Davenport, Iowa. Apparently a hybrid 

 (Pyrus lowensis x P> Mains). 



Fruit two to two and one-half inches in diameter, oblate, nearly 

 regular, often unequal; surface green, turning to yellow, very oily; 

 dots distinct, many, minute, whitish, a few large dots; cavity wavy, 

 wide at mouth, sloping gradually; stem medium; basin wide, abrupt, 



