94 Prof. M'ln tosh's Notes Jrom the 



green cod is somewhat larger proportionally, probably from 

 the shorter snout, and the mandible of the cod is longer. In 

 the subsequent stages the presence of a barbel in the cod, the 

 increase of the black pigment on the body and fins of the 

 green cod, and the absence of the characteristic spots of the 

 cod are diagnostic features. 



2. On the Ova and Larva of the Turbot[?). 



In the Reports of the Fishery Board various remarks have 

 been made concerning the reproduction and develo[)ment of 

 the turbot. It was also alluded to in the Trawling Report, 

 for on the 10th July, 1884, the ripe ova of a turbot were 

 procured off the Isle of May, and though these are preserved 

 in spirit, the oil-globule is rendered distinct by treating with 

 equal parts of spirit, 2 per cent, acetic acid and camphor. 



An examination of various ovaries of tiie turbot, kindly 

 forwarded by Dr. Fulton, and many from Iceland and other 

 parts on the pontoon at Grimsby in 1891, gave some know- 

 ledge of the more or less ripe ovarian egg, one with yolk- 

 spheres being figured in the Tenth Annual Report *. 

 Mr. Holt, on the 18th June, 1892, found a ripe female on the 

 pontoon at Grimsby, but was unable to procure a ripe male. 

 The ova ranged from '99 to 1*06 millim. In another ripe 

 example he ascertained that after formation of the perivitelline 

 space the diameter remained precisely the same, while he con- 

 sidered the usual diameter to be I'Ol millim. The oil-globule 

 never varies more than from '20 to '21, the latter being the 

 usual dimensions. Few of the turbot that had been examined 

 at Grimsby the previous year were very ripe towards the end 

 of June, though many had a few translucent eggs here and 

 there. 



On the 28th April, 1894, an egg was procured in the 

 bottom-net in St. Andrews Bay which differs from any 

 hitherto described and corresponds with what was previously 

 seen in the ovary of the turbot. The diameter is 1-0668 

 millim., while the pale oil-globule is 0'21 millim., both 

 measurements agreeing with those communicated by Mr. Holt. 

 The blastopore has closed and Kupffer's vesicle is present. 

 The tail has not advanced beyond the yolk, which shows a 

 few wrinkles or folds at the margin. The perivitelline space 

 is considerable. No lenses or otocysts are present. The yolk 

 is dotted over with traces of pigment-specks, one or two lie 

 over the oil-globule, and they also occur on the body. No 



* Fishery Board for Scotland, pi. xiv. fig. 1. 



