3in Mr. II. J. Carter on Squaimiliiiu scopula, 



ture [kj. Tlii.-* aporturo, liuwcver, can very sclcluiu be well 

 seen, owin^ to the forest of spieules whieh surround and inter- 

 cross obliquely over it in the dried state; but occasionally it is 

 perfectly visible ; and wlien not so, it is frequently marked by a 

 brownish bit of sarcode which fills the opening, and, contrast- 

 ing in colour forcibly with tlie white mass of spicules sur- 

 rounding it, enables the position of the aperture to be easily 

 ascertained. 



The animal substance (fig. 11,«), which is of a pale yellow 

 colour when living, occupies the cavity of the test, and resembles 

 that of the Foraminifcra generally, in con.sisting of granuli- 

 ferous sarcode more or less charged with oil-globules. It may 

 be divided into three parts, viz. anterior, middle, and poste- 

 rior — or into pseudoj)odial, ventral, and ovigerous. The former, 

 which, like that of Dijfiin/ia, is more attenuated and less 

 granuliferous than the rest, also fm-nishes the pseudopodial 

 prolongations ; the next division is charged with the frustules 

 of Diatomacea?, especially the disks and filaments of Melosira, 

 minute Alga^ like liivnlaria [Euactis?), and bits of dark brown 

 matter from tlie decaying portion of the root of Laminaria 

 fnilbosa, near which SquamuJina scapula likes to congregate, 

 the latter causing the ventral sarcode to assume so much the 

 appearance of the sarcode of ^thaltum that it may be worth 

 while to allude also to this again more particularly hereafter. 

 Last of all comes the posterior division, which is more or less 

 charged with spherical, transparent, nucleated cells (fig. 4f), such 

 as are commonly found in both Foraminifcra and the testaceous 

 freshwater lihizopoda, and which I have often and long since 

 figured and described in these organisms respectively in the 

 pages of this periodical. This portion is a little denser than 

 the rest, occupies the j)osterior or lower part of the cavity of 

 the column and pedestal, and, when dry and contracted, pre- 

 sents a dark brown colour. 



When the colunui is detached from the pedestal in the living 

 state, the ventral and ovigerous sarcode may be easily pressed 

 out of the lower end of the former (fig. 11), and thus examined 

 under a high power, when the facts which I have mentioned 

 may be easily verifie<l. 



In form, tlie test of Sqiiiuin(/iiia scapula ditfers very much, 

 first, I>y age and growth, and, secondly, by .some parts beiiig 

 more developed in some specimens than in others. Thus, if 

 young, it may be short, the dilatations only amounting to one 

 or two ; or if old, to four or five : lience one of the latter 

 has been chosen for the illustration (fig. 3). The pedestal, also, 

 may be more or less atrophied ; and its circumference may, 

 instead of a circular, have a more or less undulating margin. 



