476 



NATURE 



[August 15, 191; 



annually from endowments, or 27-5 per cent, of its 

 total income, whereas King's College, London, re- 

 ceives only 620Z., or i-6 ;per cent, of its income. Man- 

 chester University, Liverpool University, and Univer- 

 sity College, London, together have nearly half the 

 total income from <the endowments of the universities 

 and university colleges in England which participate 

 in the Exchequer grant. 



In general, it may be said tthat these institutions 

 derive about one-ithird of their total incomes from Par- 

 liamentary grants ; the percentage of income from other 

 sources varies so greatly that no general statement 

 other than the averages given in the above table can 

 be made. 



In addition to the universities and university colleges 

 in receipt of Exchequer grant, a number of medical 

 schools and a few other institutions received in 1913-14 

 Parliamentary grants amounting to about 33,000/., or 

 one-quarter of the total incomes. The total of the 

 annual Parliamentary grants to these universities, 

 colleges, and medical schools in England and Wales 

 is about 300,000/. The grants are made up as shown 

 In Table 7. Twenty-four institutions in all participate 

 in the grant for technological and other professional 

 (including medical) work, and ten of them are also 

 in receipt of portions of the Exchequer grants to 

 universities and colleges. 



7. — Heads under which Incomes from Parlia))>entarv 

 ^Grants are derived by Universities, University Col- 

 leges, and Medical Schools, 



England Wales 



Exchequer ;^ 170,000 ;^3 1,000 



Board of Education, in 



respect of technological 



and other professional 



work 46,890 430 



Board of Education, in 



respect of training of 



teachers 19.910 4,730 



Board of Education, 



other grants 20,440 250 



Other Government de- 

 partments 19,560 4,780 



;^276,8oo ;^4i,i9o 



The financial provision made bv the State for uni- 

 versity, medical, and higher technical education in the 

 United Kingdom is about 500,000/. annually. Of this 

 amount England and Wales receive about 300,000/., 

 Scotland about 84,000/., and Ireland about 100,000/. 

 The total annual income of all the universities and 

 university colleges in the British Isles, including the 

 Universities and Colleges of Oxford and Cambridge, 

 is about 2,000,000/.; that of universities and colleges 

 in the United States is 20,000,000/., and of universi- 

 ties in Germany 1,800,000/. Particulars of the in- 

 comes of institutions in the United States are given 

 in Tables 8 to 12. 



8- — Income of Universities, Colleges, and Techno- 

 logical Schools of the United States (1913-14). 



Amount Percentage 



T- ^ • • , . of Total 



tor tuition and other educa- 

 tional services ... ■ ... ;^4,5oo,ooo 22-5 

 From invested funds ... 3,500,000 17-5 

 Donations and subscriptions 2,700,000 13-5 

 Grants from State or city... 6,000,000 30-0 

 United States Government 



grant 1,000,000 5-0 



Other sources 2,300,000 11-5 



The incomes of individual universities in the United 

 States are very high in comparison with those of most 

 of our universities. Seventeen universities have each 

 an annual income equal to, or in excess of, the total 

 Parliamentary grants to universities and colleges of 

 England and Wales, and nine have incomes equal to, 

 or in excess of, the total Parliamentary grants to uni- 

 versity and higher technical, education in the whole 

 United Kingdom. The incomes of these United States 

 universities are shown in Table g. 



9. — Amiual Incomes of Seventeen Universities in the 

 United States, 1913-14. 



University Income 



Cornell University ;^i, 300,000 



Columbia ,, 1,300,000 



Harvard ,, 860,000 



Chicago ,, 660,000 



Minnesota ,, 600,000 



Wisconsin ,, 600,000 



Illinois ,, .^60,000 



California ,, 



Yale „ 



Michigan ,, 440^000 



Northwestern University 300,000 



Wellesley College, Mass 300,000 



Missouri University 300,000 



Washington University, Missouri ... 300,000 



Princeton University 300,000 



Ohio State ,, '300,000 



Pennsylvania „ ... 300,000 



Five States of the U.S.A., four of them with 

 populations of about two millions each, gave grants 

 to universities in 19 13-14 exceeding the total Parlia- 

 mentary grants to universities and colleges of England 

 and Wales. These are shown in Table 10. 



10. — State Grants to Five Universities in the United 



500,000 



NO. 2546, VOL, 



;^20, 000,000 

 lOl] 



The benefactions to universities and colleges in the 

 United States lare similarly far in excess of those 

 devoted to such institutions in the United Kingdom. 

 The total amount of gifts and bequests to universities 

 and colleges in the United States in the year 1913-14, 

 excluding grants by the Federal Government, different 

 States, and municipalities, was more than 5,000,000/. 

 Of this amount nearly 4,000,000/. was for endowment, 

 giving in a single year, if invested at 5 per cent., an 

 increased endowment income of 200,000/., or double 

 the income derived from all the endowment funds of 

 the wihole of the modern universities and university 

 colleges of England and Wales. The chief gifts in 

 1913-14 are shown in Table 11. In addition, forty- 

 five universities, colleges, and technological schools 

 each received gifts above 20,000/. 



II. — Private Benefactions to Universities of the 

 United States, 19 13-14. 



University Benefactions 



Cornell University ;^8oo,ooo 



Harvard ,, ... ... ... 400,000 



Chicago ,, 300,000 



Yale ,, 200,000 



Washington ,, ... ... ... 200,000 



Columbia ,, ... ... ... 200,000 



The gifts and bequests to universities and colleges 

 in the United Kingdom in the year 1913-14 amounted 

 to about 200,000/. 



