434 



NATURE 



[January 31, 19 18 



prize of 2500 francs and one mention of 1500 francs), 

 for the discovery of a means of rendering some 

 mechanical art less unhealthy; Jecker prize (10,000 

 francs), for the author of the work most useful to 

 organic chemistry ; Cahours prize (3000 francs), for 

 the encouragement of young men already known to 

 have done good work, more particularly by researches 

 in chemistry; Houzeau prize (700 francs), for a young 

 chemist of merit. 



Mineralogy and Geology. — Delesse prize (1400 

 francs), for work in geology, or, alternatively, in 

 mineralogy. It may be divided. Joseph Labb^ prize 

 (1000 francs), for geological work or researches with 

 reference to the mineral wealth of France, its colonies 

 or protectorates, or, in default, to recompense the 

 author of any work made in the general interest. 



Botany. — Desmazieres prize (1600 francs), for the 

 best work on cryptogams published during the preced- 

 ing year; Montagne prize (1500 francs), to the author 

 or authors of important discoveries or works on the 

 cellular plants ; Jean Thore prize (200 francs), for the 

 best memoir on the fluviatile or marine algae of 

 Europe, or on mosses, lichens, or European fungi ; 

 de la Pons Melicocq prize (900 francs), for the best 

 work on the botany of the North of France ; de Coincy 

 prize (900 francs), for a work on phanerogams ; Jean de 

 Rufz de Lavison prize (500 francs), for work in plant 

 physiology. 



Anatomy and Zoology. — Cuvier prize (1500 francs), 

 for work in anatomy and zoology ; Savigny foundation 

 (1500 francs), for the assistance of young travelling 

 zoologists, not receiving a Government grant, who 

 specially occupy themselves with the invertebrates of 

 Egypt and Syria. 



Medicine and Surgery. — Montyon prize (three 

 prizes of 2500 francs, three honourable men- 

 tions of 1500 francs, citations), for discoveries 

 or improvements during the year in medicine 

 or surgery; Baibier prize (2000 francs), for a 

 discovery valuable in surgery, medicine, pharmacy, or 

 in botany having a relation to the art of healing; 

 Br6ant prize (100,000 francs), the capital sum is offered 

 to anyone discovering a specific cure for Asiatic cholera 

 or for the discovery of the causes of this terrible 

 scourge; Godard prize (1000 francs), for the best 

 memoir on the anatomy, physiology, and oathology of 

 the urino-genitary organs; Chaussier prize (10,000 

 francs), for the best book or memoir showing an ad- 

 vance in legal or practical medicine ; Mege prize 

 (10,000 francs), to the author who continues or com- 

 pletes the essay of Dr. Mege on the causes which have 

 retarded or favoured the progress of medicine from 

 antiquity to the present dav ; Bellion prize (1400 

 francs), for works or discoveries especiallv profitable to 

 the health of man or the amelioration of the human 

 species ; Baron Larrey prize (750 francs), to a doctor 

 or surgeon belonging to the Army or Navy for the best 

 work presented to the Academy in the course of the 

 year dealing with military hygiene, surgery, or medi- 

 cine; Argut prize (1200 francs), for a discovery allow- 

 ing the cure, by medicine, of a disease up to the pre- 

 sent only capable of being dealt with surgicallv. 



Physiology. — Montyon prize (750 francs), for the 

 most useful work in experimental physiology; Lalle- 

 mand prize (1800 francs), for work relating to the 

 nervous system in the fullest sense of these words ; 

 Philipeaux prize (qoo francs), for experimental physio- 

 logy; Fanny Emden prize (3000 francs), for the best 

 work treating of hypnotism, suggestion, and generally 

 of physiological action exerted at a distance from the 

 animal organism. 



Statistics. — Montyon prize (one prize of 1000 francs, 

 two mentions of 500 francs), for statistical researches 

 of any nature. 



NO. 2518, VOL. 100] 



History and Philosophy of the Sciences. — Binoux 

 prize (2000 francs). 



Medals. — Arago medal, awarded by the Academy at 

 any time that a discovery, work, or service rendered to 

 science appears worth}' of this testimony of high 

 esteem; Lavoisier medal, awarded under conditions 

 applying to the Arago medal, for services rendered to 

 chemistry ; Berthelot medal, to holders each year of 

 the prizes in chemistry. 



General Prizes. — Prize founded by the State (3000 

 francs), question for 1919 : researches on the geo- 

 graphical and bathymetric migrations of fishes and on 

 the conditions which govern them ; Bordin prize (3000 

 francs), question for 1919 : in the theory of integrals 

 of total differentials of the third species and double 

 integrals relating to an algebraic function of two 

 independent variables, the existence of certain numbers 

 (nombres entiers) has been demonstrated, of which 

 it is difficult to obtain the value, and may depend on 

 the arithrrietical nature of the coefficients of the 

 equation of the surface corresponding with the function. 

 The Academy requires a profound study of these num- 

 bers in particular cases. Vaillant prize (4000 francs), 

 question for 1919 : to discover a photographic la3er, 

 without visible grain, and as sensitive as the gelatino- 

 bromide at present in use ; Petit D 'Ormoy prize : two 

 prizes of 10,000 francs each, one for pure or applied 

 mathematics, the other for natural science; Jean 

 Jacques Berger prize (15,000 francs), for work relating 

 to the city of Paris ; Saintour prize (3000 francs), for 

 work in the mathematical sciences ; Henri de Parville 

 prize (1500 francs), for a book on original science, or 

 popularisation of science ; Lonchampt prize (4000 

 francs), for the author of the best memoir on the 

 diseases of man, animals, or plants from the special 

 point of view of the introduction of mineral substances 

 in excess as the cause of the disease ; Henry Wilde 

 prize (one of 4000 francs, or two of 2000 francs), for a 

 discovery or work on astronomy, physics, chemistry, 

 mineralogy, geology, or experimental mechanics ; Gus- 

 tave Roux prize (1000 francs); Thorlet prize (1600 

 francs). 



Special Foundations. — The Lannelongue foundation 

 (2000 francs), for one or two persons at most, in re- 

 duced circumstances, belonging themselves, or by their 

 marriage, or parents, to the scientific world, with 

 preference to medicine. Laplace prize, for the pupil 

 leaving the Eoole Poiytechnique holding the first place. 

 L. E. Rivot prize (2500 francs), divided between the four 

 pupils leaving the Ecole Poiytechnique each year with 

 the first and second places in the divisions of mines 

 and ponts et chaussies. Normal School prize (2000 

 francs) will be awarded after the conclusion of the 

 war to an old pupil, killed or wounded in the field, 

 in recompense or in view of scientific work. 



Funds for Scientific Research: — ^Tr^mont foundation \ 

 (1000 francs); Gegner foundation (4000 francs); '| 

 J6rome Ponti foundation (3500 francs) ; Henri Becquerel i 

 foundation (3000 francs) ; Bonaparte foundation (50,000 

 francs); Loutreuil foundation (125,000 francs); Charles 

 Bouchard foundation (5000 francs). 



GLASS TECHNOLOGY. 1 



WE have now^ before us Nos. i to 3 of the \ 

 Journal of the Society of Glass_ Technology. 

 The first of these has already been 'noticed in these 

 columns (Nature, July 26, 1917). The two additional 

 numbers now available indicate the healthy progress 

 of this new society, and augur well for the renew-ed 

 vitality of the glass industry in this country. The 

 papers which appear in this journal cover a wide range 

 of subjects and vary very considerably in size and 



