56 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



The only otlier species at all allied to the s'uv^le North Anieriean one 

 are the (/. anfrsMcifs ol' Central Anieriea, and (\ pullasi of Eastern Asia. 

 They may be easily distin»,niished by the lollowins; characters- — 



Plumage beneath scarcely lighter than that above; head and neck brownish, 

 darkest above. Wing, 4.(K) ; tail, 2.1 o; 1)111, .r^O; tarsus, 1.20 ; niidd'e toe, .85. 

 Legs (in life), pinkish white (8,400 Fort Mass. N. M.). IIab. 2k[ountains of 

 Middle Province from Sitka, south to (luatt'niala . . . vjir. mexicanna. 



Plumage beneath much lighter than that above, — very light along the median 

 line ; head not brownish, the contrast in shade between upper and lower sur- 

 faces very marked. Wing. :i.r)() : tail, 2.05; bill. .45; tarsu.s l.;}0; middle toe, 

 .1)0. Legs yellow. (42,788 <J Costa Rica). Hab. Guatemala and (\)sta Rica. 



var. (f )• il e s i (I r u s .^ 



Plumage uniform dusky-brown, middle of belly V»lackish : harl- and nin^p stjnani- 

 atcd with black ; wings and tail blackish-brown. Total length. 8.00; winir, 

 4.00; tail, 2.50; tarsus, 1.25: bill (to ri«-tus|, l.lO (Salvin). Hab. Lake Baikal 

 to Kamtschatka : Amoorland; S. E. Sil»eria ; Japan (^Salvin) . . v:ir. p alia si.- 



Cinclus mexicanus, Swains. 



AHEBICAN DIFFEB; WATEB OUZEL. 



Cinclus pnlhisi, Rox. Zocil. Jour. II, 1S27, 52 (not tlu' Asiatic sj>ccics). Cinchis incxicnnuSf 

 Sw. Phil. Mag. 1827, 3«>8. — Sclatki:, Catal. 18G1, 10. — Salvix, Ibis, 18(50, 190 ; 

 1867, 120 ((luatciiiala). — Haiiu), KNvicw, (iO. — Dall & Iianmstkr (.Vhiska). — 

 Cooi'EU, Birds Cal. I, 2.'). Ifif(fr<>/>,if,t me.cicana, Haiim), IJinls X. Am. 1858, 225». ^ 

 CocU'EU & SrcKI.KV, Kcp. P. U. K. XII, II, 18.^i», 17') (ncst». rinrhis (niaricantis. 

 Rich. F. 1$. A. II. 18ol, 273. Cinclifs tnucvlor. Box. ; C. vmrfotii, T(»wxs. ; ('. toim- 

 soldi, "Al'D." Towxs. 



Figtncs : BoXArAUTK, Am. Orn. II, 1828, pi. xvi, tig. 1. — Aid, Orn. Biog. pi. cccl.\.\, 

 435. — Ib. Birds Amcr. II, pi. cxxxvii. 



Sp. Ch. Above dark jilumbeous, beneath paler: head and neck all roimd a shade of 

 ci«n-e or perhaps a light sooty-brown ; less conspicuous beneath. A concealed spot of 

 white al)ove the anterior comer of the eye and indications of the same .sometimes on the 

 lower eyelid. Immature specimens usually with the feathers beneath edged with grayish- 

 white : the greater and mid<lle wing-coverts and lesser (piills tipped with the same. The 

 colors more uniform. Length. 7.50 ; wing. 4.00; tail. 2.55. 



Young. Similar to the adult, but nmch mixed with whitish medially beneath; this in 

 form of longiliulinal suffusions. 



Autumnal and winter specimens have numerous transverse crescents of whitish on 

 lower parts and wings, — these very especially conspicuous posteriorly; the secondaries 

 are also conspicuously terminated with a white crescent. Hill brown, paler toward base 

 <»f lower mandible. In spring and sununer the bill entirely black, and the whitish 

 njarkings almost entirely disappear; the young bird has a greater amount of white be- 

 n(\'ith than the adult in winter dress, an<l this Avhite is disposed in longitudinal, not trans- 

 verse, sullusions. The color of the legs .appears to be the same at all season.s. 



1 C, ardcsincva, SvLvrx, Ibis, N. S. Ill, 121, pi. ii. 



2 r. pnlhisi, Tkmm. Man. cl'Orn. I, p. 177. — Salvix, Ibis, III, 1867, lli>. {SfKnn.-s cincr>rt, 

 var. Pallas, Zoogr. R. -A.s. I, 426.) 



