184 



Nomil AMKIIir.VX JilKDS. 



Protonotaria citrea, Haikd. 



PBOTHONOTABT WABBLEB ; GOLDEN SWAMP WABBLEB. 



MfltaciJhi lUrtu, IViUD. Taltl. ^7^.■{ (I'l. «'iil, 704, fi;;. 2>. Protonotaria n'trea, HAfKn, Rinls 

 N. Am. !>.>, 2:'.!> ; 1{«'V. 17:{. S( latki:, Catal. 18rtl, 26, no. Ititi. - (Utndl. Cab. 

 .I«mr. 18«)1, ;{24 ^Ciil>a ; v»'rv laif). UiluiiiithiifiluKia cifrt'n, ("alt. .Kmr. Usoi, 85 ^i'o.sta 

 Kii-a). Mofncif/'i priitininturias, (Jm. Sijh'ia prof. Laiii. — ViF.iLL. Ois. Am. St-pt. 

 II, i»l. Ixx.xiii. -WiixtN, Am. Orii. Ill, pi. xxiv. ti<;. 2. — Ari>. Orii. iiiog. II, j>l. 

 iii. I'lrmifora pro! . IJos. Iltlinnia /truf. Ari». HclmitJuras prot. Box. Cowp- 

 tiotliliipis prot. Cab. .lour. Motiuilhi nnriml/is, Gmkl. I, 17S8, 984. Si/liua aur. 

 Laiii., etc-, ^ltas(•(l on Li- Urami Fi'jniir )tii ('(ninthi, Hkisson, Ois. Ill, 1760, 508, |)1. 

 xxvi, ti«,'. 1». Frinak'. Sylvicohi nur. Xirr. Man. 1, 1840, 431. 



Sp. Tiiak. Hill vciv larirt': a.>< lonjr as tlu' lu-a*!. Iload and neck all round, with the 

 t'litiiv niidrr parts. iinlii(Uiitr \\\v \\\n\v. rit li yellow, exot'jitinjr the anal region and under 

 tail-j-overts, which are whit.-. Hack dark olive-green, with ii tinge of yellow; ruinj>, 

 up[»er tail-cuvcrt.s, wings, and tail above, hluisli ash-eolor. Inner margin of quills and the 

 tail-leathers (fxeejit the innermost) white; the outer webs and tips like the back. Length, 

 5.40; wing. !.'.!•<»: tail. *J.2."). 



Hais. Eastern l*roviiie<' of Tuited States (Southerii region); Cuba, Costa Ric.i, and 

 Panama H. \\. Xot recoiiletl from Mexico <»r (luatemala. Accidental in New Brunswick 

 (G. A. lioAHi»MAN in letter). Vu<*atan (Lawkkxck). 



"^^^is is one of the vory liandsomest of American Warl»lers, the yellow of the 

 hena .nul lower parts lieinu: <»t a imreiies.s ami mellowness scarcely approached 

 by anv other siu'cies. In a hiurhly colored male from Southern Illinois (No. 

 1(>,111, Missi.s.sii)]>i Bottom, Union (V)., April 23 ; li. Kennicott) it is stained 

 in sjxits, i>articularly oyer the eyes and on the neck, with a beautiful cad- 

 mium-oranw. 



Habits. In reiiard to the habits of tliis beautiful and interesting Warbler 



we receive but little light from the ob- 

 servations of ohler ornithological writers. 

 ^ J^HMT Its geogra])hical distribution is some- 



what erratic and irregidar. It does not 

 ap])oar to be distributed oyer a very 

 wide rai LC. It occurs as a migrant in 

 the West Indies and in Central Ameri- 

 ca. In the I'nited States it is found 

 in the Southern ivgion, but farther west 

 the rjinge widens, and in the Mississippi 

 Valley it is found as f . north as Kansas, 

 Southern and Central Illinois, and ^Fissouri. Accidental specimens have been 

 obtained as far to the nortlieast as Calais, though unknown to all the Eiistern 

 States as far south as Southern Virginia. It was met with by non'^ of the goy- 

 ernment ])arties except by I)r. Woodhouse, who found it abundant in Texas. 

 Mr. Audubon observed them, near Louisville, Kentucky, frequenting creeks 

 and lagoons overshadowed ]»y large trees. These were their favorite places 



^rr\ 



r^.i*'. 





Prnfonofnria citrra 



V-' 



