FlilNGlLLlD.E — THE FLXrilES. 



457 



loniTfer, the tail L'ss (>niarninato. OtluT ditlVrences exist in the groovt'<< and 

 ridges (A' the pahite, wiiicli need not be liere ret'crred to. Tlie niiddh' chiw 

 is about eiiual to hind (law ; 

 not hunger, as in J'i/ucola. 



The *^vu\\s Pi/ nim I (I is an Ohl 

 Woild one ; extending across 

 from tlie Atlantic to tlie Ticitie, 

 six or eight s])eeies or varieties 

 l»eing recognized by naturalists. 

 All have the back ash-colored ; 

 tlie wings and tail, with to]) of 

 head, lustrous black ; the under 

 })arts ash, generally with ver- P!/rri„>ia mssini. 



milion on the cheeks and chin, .sometimes extending over tlie whole under 

 surface; the rump and crissum white: the females similar, but lacking the 

 vermilion. Its introduction into the Xorth American fauna rests on the col- 

 lecting by the naturalists of the TJussian Telegra])h Expedition in Alaska of 

 a specimen which — if a full-])lumaged male, as stated — diflei"S from all of 

 its congeners in the eutiie absence of any vermilion tint. 



Pyrrhula cassini, Baiud. 



CASSIN'S BULLFINCH. 



P. cflcrhtea, var. cmmiin', BAOtn, Tnms. ( liica^o, Af. Sc 1, 18G9, ii, p. 316. — Dali. & 

 Bannistf.u, Tr. f'liic Ac. 1, 18«V.), 2M lAlaska^. /'. cassiui, Ti:i«tkam, Ibis, 1S71, 

 231.— Fins, n, Ornith. X. W. Amorika.s, 187-2, 54. 



Sp. Ciiah. Dt'scription of spccinicn X<\ 40.0.').") : rppcr }»:irts clear ash-(rray, as are the 

 alula, and the lesi;er and middle secondary and the ])riinaiy \vin<i-covert.s. Under parts 



and the sides ol'hcad cinnamon-irray ; the 

 inside of win<rs and axillars. anal rec-ion, 

 tibia, crissum. ami rump white; ^vinl:•s 

 and tail, includiiii:- ujtper tail-coverts, the 

 entire top of head (to level of eyes), the 

 base of bill all round, and the chin, lu.s- 

 trous violet-black. Greater wiiiir-coverts 

 black, with a broad band of ashy-white 

 acn^ss the ends: outer primaries, exter- 

 nally, with a nariow border of jrrayish- 

 white near the ends; imier edufes suf- 

 fust'd with the same. Outer tail-feathers 

 with an elontrated patch of white in the 

 terminal half, aloui;- the sliaft. but not reachinor the tip. Bill black : feet dusky. 



Dimensions (prepared specimen) : Total lenirth, 0..')0: winsr. 3.'),") ; tail, 3.2."). Exposed 

 portion of first primary. 2.0."). Bill: Leneth from foreheatl. .44 ; from nostril, .34. Legs: 

 Tarsus, .75; claw alone, .20; hind toe and claw, .4.'); claw alone, .2'). 



58 



Pifrrhula cassini. 



