494 NORTH AMKUIUAN IJIHDS. 



T. Spriiiff nnd Winter Phiimtije 



Sp. Ciiau. Aihilf. Orouml-color ot" tlu' ucrijmt, nape, scapulars, and interscapulars, 

 brownish-whiti', eai-li leather wiih medial streak of duskv-Iirown ; rump and upper tail- 

 eoverts wiiite, with the stn-aks in sharper contrast. Winirs clear brownish-dusky with two 

 conspicuous white bands, fonned by tips of middle and secondary coverts; tertials broadly, 

 autl secondaries narrowly, edired with white; tail-feathers narrowly edijetl with white, 

 this broader ou inuer webs. A narrow frontal band (tinut'd with brownish), an obscure 

 superciliary stripe, and the lower partvS in general, white; sides streaked with dusky, and 

 lower tail-coverts each with a medial streak of the same. On the forehead and vertex a 

 somewhat quadrate patch of intense carmine. Xiisal plumuli, lores, and a small, somewhat 

 »iundrate. irular sjiot, dark silky-brown. Bill yellow, the culmen and ironys black. 



^. Thioat. juirulum. and breast, rosaceous-eannine (ext«'ndinir upward over the niax- 

 illte, and backward over the sides almost to the flanks) ; rump tinjrcd with the same. 



Var. / i u a r i n s (21,')77, Philadelphia). Winjr, 2.80; tail, 2.oo ; bill, .3.j and .22 ; tarsus, 

 .55 ; middle toe, ..>(>. 



Var. holhoJli (;Jl),2r)3, Quebec). Winjr, 3.00 ; tail, 2.40 ; bill, .42 and .20 ; tarsus, .00 ; 

 middle toe. ..>". 



Vai. //'>//» o7/ // (52,457, Kodiak). Winpr, 3.00 ; tail, 2.40 ; bill, .47 and .25; tarsus,. 55; 

 middle toe, .35. 



9. No red except on the crown, where its tint is less intense; dusky jrular spot larger, 

 exteniling farther on to the thn)at. 



Var. / i w rt r i M .s (002, Penn.). Wing, 2.70; tail, 2.30; bill, .32 and .23; tarsus, .55; 

 middle toe, .32. 



Var. h olholl i (39,302, Quebec). Wing, 3.10 ; tail, 2.50 ; bill, .42 and .29 ; tarsas .01 ; 

 middle toe, .39. 



Var h olholl if (52.4G0, Kodiak). Wing, 2.80; tail, 2.30; bill, .39 and .23; tarsus, 

 .54 ; middle toe, .32. 



II. Summer or Breedinij Plumage. 



The pattern the .'^ame as above, but the dark tint intensified and spread so as to almost 

 entirely obliterate any ligiiter markings, except the streaks on the rump; the wing-bands 

 as well as the dorsal streaks obsolete; .streaks on the sides broader; frontal band du.sky 

 like the occiput. liecl tint< sliglitly intensitied. Bill wholly dusky. 



^. Throat, jugulum, breast, and tinge on sides and rump, rosy-carmine. 



A'ar. Una r i u s (type of ''/uscescens "). Wing, 2.80 ; tail, 2.30 : bill, .30 and .25 ; tarsus, 

 .53; middle toe, .33. 



Var. hoi h oil i (type of '' rosfratus''). Wing, 3.00; tail, 2.35; bill, .41 and .30; tar- 

 sus, .GO ; middle toe, .40. 



Var. holholli .' (54,477, Kodiak, July). Wing. 2.90; tail, 2.20; bill, .40 and .25; 

 tarsus, .50 ; middle toe, .32. 



9 . No red except on the crown. 



Var. l}>iarivs (9 type o( ''fuscescens''). Wing, 2.S0 ; tail, 2.30; bill, .35 and .25; 

 tarsus, .52; middle toe, .34. 



Young (lirst plumage). (54,478, Kodiak, .July.) Streaks covering whole head, neck, 

 and breast ; no icd (Rinow.vY). 



IIab. Circumj>olar regions. In North America l)reeding in the isub-arctic regions, and 

 in winter descending into the northern United States. 



The two races of ^E. linarins are quite differently colored in summer and 

 in winter. In the latter sea.son the ]duma^e is .softer and more lax, and the 

 markings Letter defined, though in autumn with a considerahle (udn-aceous 

 sufi'usiou. In sprmg the colors are purer, and the markings must sharjjly 



