574 



NORTH AMEUK^VN BIRDa 



lands of tlie Tiocky Muuntains, in the prairies. Tliey were running on the 

 ground. He lieard no note from them. He afterwards saw a few stra,i^«j:lers, 

 in tlie early i>art of winter, in the thickets of the forests of the Columbia 

 liiver, near Fort Vmcouver. He also met with tliem, in the winter and 

 until late in tlie sj)iin;jf, in the woods an<l thickets of California. 



Dr. Heermann found this species very ahumUmt in the fall season, (fener- 

 ally associated witli the Calif(»rnia Song Sparrow and the Z. gamhdi It 

 resorts to the <leep shady thickets and woods, where it jnisses the greater part 

 of its time. In the mountainous districts it ])refei'S the hillsides, covered 

 with dense undergrowth. It occasionally breeds in California, as iJr. Heer- 

 mann found its nest in a bush near Sacramento City. It was composed of 

 coarse stalks of weeds, and lined internallv with fine roots. The eg'jfs were 

 four in numl)er, and are described as having been of an ashy- white ground, 

 with markings of brown umber, at times ai)pearing almost Idack from the 

 dei)th of their shade. They were marked also with a few spots of a neutral 

 tint. 



Many of these birds were obtained in Sitka and in Kodiak, by BischofF, 

 and also in l>ritish Colum])ia by Elliot. 



Only one specimen of this si)ecies was met with by Mr. Eidgway in his 

 exjdorations with ^Ir. Clarence King's survey. This was taken Octol)er 7, 

 1807, in the West Humboldt Mountains, in company with a flock of Z. 

 gamhdi 



Zonotrichia albicollis, Bonap. 



WHITE-THBOATED SFABBOW. 



Frimjilla albicoUis, Gmklix, Syst. Xat. I, 17S8, 9'2i^. — WiL.>()X, Am. Orn. Ill, 1811, 51, 

 ])1. xxii, f. 2. — LuHT. V't'v/. Doul)l. Xo. 247 (lb23). Zonotrichin (dbieollis, Bp. 

 Cons].. 18r)0, 47s. —('.vr.. Mus. llAu. 1851, 132.— Haihi*. Birds X. Am. 1858, 463. 

 — Samiels, 311. I'dsstr penitstilranicus, BnissON. 1760, AppMulix, 77. FriiigiUa 

 pennsi/lviinicK, Lath. Index, I. 17lMi, 445. — Aid. Orn. Biog. I, 1831, 42; V, 497, 

 pi. viii. — In. Svn. 183i>, 121. — Ib. Birds Am. Ill, 1841, 153, pi. cxci. —Max. Cab. 

 Jour. VI, 1858, 27«). Fr'tiujiUa {Zonotrichia) peinmilvinira, 8\v. F. B. Am. II, 1S31, 

 25(). Zoiiofrichid penuftj/lcnnim, Box. List, 1838. 



Sp. Char. Two black stripes on the crown, separated by a median one of white. A 

 broad supen-iliarv stripe IVoni the base of the nianthble to the oceiput, yellow as fur as the 

 middle of the eye and white behind this. A broad biaek streak on the side of the head 

 from behind the eye. Ciiin white, abruptly dcfini'd atrainst the dark ash of the sides of 

 the head and upper part of the breast, fading into white on the belly, and margined by a 

 narrow black maxillary line. Edge of wing and axillaiies yellow. Back a id edges of 

 secondaries rufous-brown, the former streaked with dark brown Two nuirow white 

 bands across the wing-coverts. Length, 7 inches; "vving, 3.10; tail. 3.20. Young of the 

 year not in the collection. 



Hab. Eastern Province of North Ameiica to the Missouri. Breeding in most of the 

 northern United States and British Provinces, and wintering in tiie United States almost to 

 their southern limit Aberdinesiiire, England. August 17. 18«j7 (Zoologist, Feb., 18G9, 

 1547 ; P. Z. S. 1857, 52). Scotland (Xkwtox, Pr. Zo<3i. Soc. 1870, 52). 



