48 DEPARTMENT OF AbmCULTURE. 



of powdered jnnipor berries. Tliis has an effect on the animal's bovrels. 

 In gastric or bilious complications he gives the emetic tartar in t\vo or 

 four ounces of whitt^ sou]). 



Wlicu the fever is slij;'lit, the coujj;li stronii:, and appetite good, Sau- 

 berg advises not to bleed, and the same applies to old and weak animals, 

 especially cows liable to abort, «&c. He still persists in the tartarized 

 antimony, and gives it with from ten to sixty grains of assaf(Btida, and an 

 ounce of powdered juniper berries, twice daily in water. Bitter herbs, 

 oil of turpentine, camphor, tar water, arnica, fennel, &c., are remedies 

 suggested. 



A wise i)nH'aution is insisted on by Sauberg, and that is to avoid a 

 profuse and debilitating purgation. 



The practice recommended by Delafond and Sauberg has very largely 

 been carried out and recommended by other authors, such as Kreutzer, 

 Roll, &c., even of late. Roll adds to the treatment by bleeding, tartar 

 emetic, &c., the administration, in cachectic and feeble animals, of sul- 

 phate of iron with tar water, or of alum, tannin, mineral acids, and 

 other tonics. 



In England many practitioners have resorted to various methods of 

 treatment. It is long since the practice of blood-letting has been done 

 away with, but the advocates of setons, and more particularly of active 

 blisters, such as croton oil, cantharides, tartar emetic ointment, still 

 exist. Small doses of calomel and tartar emetic, stimulating draughts 

 containing creosote, turpentine, sulphuric ether, carbonate of ammonia, 

 and alcohol, have been more generally employed. IMineral acids, the 

 administration daily of dilute sulphuric acid especially, and an early 

 resort to mineral and vegetable tonics, have found their advocates. Of 

 late years the tincture of aconite has been vaunted as a febrifuge, and 

 largely used, and some have tried Indian hemp and other narcotics. 

 Anything and everything has been tried, and without much reasoning 

 or carefid record of results. The important feature salient in the his- 

 tory of pleuro-pneumonia in England, is that all the therapeutic skill of 

 the veterinarian has not prevented greater and more general losses, 

 than have ever been witnessed in other countries, if we may except 

 Holland. 



For some years I have noticed that the earlier lesions of the lung dis- 

 ease partake, in their character and results, more of the features of hem- 

 orrhage — a prostrating discharge from the blood vessels of a sero-albumi- 

 uous product — than of inflammation. The congestion and inflammation are 

 truly secondary, and once developed it is apparently impossible to control 

 them, though tlicirexti'iit varies greatly. In some animals but a ])ortion of 

 one lung is involved, in others, one entire organ is affected, and in others, 

 which cases are almost without exception fatal, both lungs become h.Tpa- 

 tized, and the animal dies sooner ov later of apna^a or suffocation. 



Notwithstanding tlic well-founded objection of some distinguished 

 veterinarians to the practice of administering mineral astringents as 



