106 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



URINARY ORGANS. 



The kidneys may be perfectly healthy, but are most commonly of a 

 dark brownish -red color, from intense congestion. The pelvis of each may 

 be normal ; but, in the earliest staijes, I have found linear interstitial 

 blood dejtosits in the mucous meiubrane. At first these are of a bright 

 arterial hue, but they become more extensive and dark in color as the 

 disease advances. Whenever there is bloody urine in the bladder, the 

 jjelvis of each kidney contains some of the same. In one case I found 

 one of the lobes of the right kidney fluctuating on pressure, and, when 

 opened, it was found to contain a cyst, distended by a couple of ounces 

 of dark, bloody urine. In the majority of cases the urinary bladder is 

 found very much distended with blood-colored urine. Its mucous sur- 

 face may be normal and pallid, but is sometimes congested ; and, in 

 several cases, I have found it studded with very minute ecchymoses, 

 which have existed either in the fundus or at the cervix, or have been 

 thickly disseminated over the whole of the internal lining. The organs 

 of generation are found healthy, and cows with calf have always re- 

 tained the foetus, whether it was a few days or several weeks old. In 

 one case I found the peritoneal surface of the womb studded with ecchy- 

 moses precisely similar to those seen on the internal surface of the blad- 

 der , and in another, the broad ligaments of the uterus had a marked 

 ai^pearance of the same description. 



NERVOUS SYSTEM. 



In all the cases in which partial paralysis of the hind quarters alone 

 was marked, we found the upper cornua of the gray matter in the lum- 

 bar region reddened; and the microscopical examination showed blood- 

 extravasations and staining of the nerve cells. This appearance could 

 be traced in all parts of the cord, in cases of more general paralysis; and, 

 in one instance in which it was most general and marked, there was 

 blood-extravasation outside the dura mater, beneath the medulla oblong- 

 ata. The gray matter of the medulla was itself slightlj' blood-stained. 

 On opening the cranium, in one instance, we found the inner surface of 

 the dura mater studded with bright red spots, similar to the small ecchy- 

 moses seen in the urinary bladder ; and the spots were distributed over 

 the whole of the cranial surface. The pia mater is often congested, and 

 the gray matter of the cerebrum and the cerebellum often reddened. The 

 puncta vasculosa, in the oval centers, are very marked ; and the lateral 

 ventricles, in one case, contained a little reddish-colored serum. Beyond 

 this tendency to congestion and occasional blood-extravasation, no lesion 

 was discovered in the nervous system ; and both white and gray matter 

 was usually firm and not softened. 



