INVESTIGATION AS TO ORIGIN OF CATTLE DISEASES. 183 



a De Bary's growing slide, on blotting paper, in a beaker isolation appa- 

 ratns, and in a watch-glass under a cnltnre apparatus, with a few drops 

 of freslil}- boiled solution of sugar. In the growing slide cryptococcus 

 forms were observed in thirty-six hours ; in twelve hours more, delicate 

 mycelium filaments appeared, and on the fourth day the usnal fructifica- 

 tion of penicillium crnstaceum was seen in the air space in the slide. 

 The isolation apparatus was opened on the fifth day, and penicillium 

 found on the blotting paper. In the watch-glass cryptococcus was 

 developed on the second day; two days later this was very abundant, 

 and of various sizes and forms, including G. guttulatus of Ch. Robin. 



Four days later mycelial filaments, with dilatations of various forms 

 and sizes, {Schizosporaiifjia of Hallier,) covered the surface of the blood. 

 (Copper plate, Fig. 13.) One month later careful examination showed 

 nothing bat penicillium. 



Experiment 2.— The precautions taken in this case were very great, 

 and were as follows: The beakers, culture apparatus, watch-glasses, 

 slides, blotting paper, and thread were treated with dilute nitric acid, 

 then with liquor potassse, and finally rinsed with, hot, freshly- distilled 

 water. The knife, glass rod, and file used were cleansed in hot alcohol 

 just before being used. The vacuum tubes were cleansed with liquor 

 potassiE and alcohol just before being opened. The sheet-rubber was 

 thoroughly washed with the same fluids. 



To prepare the beaker isolation apparatus, after the articles used had 

 been treated as above, the cover with blotting paper was placed on the 

 beaker, strong alcohol having been first poured in, and then it was thor- 

 oughly shaken. The alcohol was then removed by similar treatment with 

 fresh distilled water. The apparatus was then taken to a room in which 

 no experiments had been made, and the fluids added to the blotting 

 paper. During this operation the interior of the apparatus w-as exposed 

 for about one minute. 



Blood from four-year-old steer (first set of vacuum tubes) was placed 

 in a De Bary's growing slide, in a watch-glass with pulp of lemon, same 

 with pulp of orange ; also in beaker isolation apparatus on lemon and 

 orange. 



Bh^od from one-year-old steer (second set of vacuum tubes) was 

 arranged in the same manner. 



And lastly, a similar series of apparatus was arranged with lemon 

 and orange without blood. 



The growing slides and watch-glasses were exauiined daily, with i)owers 

 ranging from two hundred to one thousand diameters. 



At the end of five days the isolation beakers were opened. The phe- 

 nomena in all, with one exception, were the same. Penicillium crnsta- 

 ceum (Fr.) was devijloped in all, more slowly and less luxuriantly where 

 no blood had been added. The exception referred to above was in the 

 watcli-glass to which the putrescent blood from the one-year-old steer 

 was added ; in this there was a luxuriant growth of mucor racemosus, 



