INVESTIGATION AS TO ORIGIN OF CATTLE DISEASES, 189 



filtering paper. Putrefying fluid from tlie lung of a pleuro-pneumonic 

 cow was placed in the tubes, care being taken in No. 1 that this fluid 

 should stand at the same height as the solution of sugar in the beaker. 



In twenty-four hours decided osmose from the tube to the beaker liad 

 occurred in No. 1, and the rubber cover was concave. In forty-eight 

 hours the cover was still concave and the fluid in the tube was three- 

 fourths of an inch lower than in the beaker. In beaker No. 2 the cover 

 was distended and yeast Avas evidently in active development. 



Four days later the beakers were opened. The cover of No. 1 was 

 now very slightly convex ; yeast cells were found in the tube but none 

 in the beaker, although the latter contained molecules or micrococcus. 

 In No. 2 the cover was now concave, owing to fructification of penicil- 

 lium within the tube. Yeast cells were found abundant in the beaker. 

 Experiment 3.— Eight beakers were arranged with solution B, the 

 tubes being adjusted as follows : 



Nos. 1 and 2, closed with filtering paper ; contents, putrefying roast 

 beef. Nos. 3 and 4 closed with filtering paper ; contents, blood of pleuro- 

 pneumonic cow. No. 5, closed with filtering paper ; contents, fresh yeast. 

 No. 6, closed with vegetable parchment ; contents, fluid as in Nos. 1 aud 2. 

 No. 7 closed with vegetable parchment; contents, fluid as in Nos. 3 

 and 4. No. 8, closed with vegetable parchment; contents, nothing 

 added. 



To each beaker, except G and 7, two growing slides were prepared 

 with the same fluids. April 14 the beakers were opened. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 

 and 4 contained abundance of yeast, and the covers were strongly con- 

 vex. Nos. 5, 6, and 7 contained yeast cells in the tube, but none in the 

 beaker ; the yeast in No. G was very scanty. No. 8 remained unchanged. 

 The growing slides were watched from day to day. Yeast cells appeared 

 in those corrt*spoudiug to beakers 1 and 2 in 48 hours ; in those corres- 

 ponding to 3 and 4 one day later. They appeared in those correspond- 

 ing to beaker No. 8 on the sixth day, but none had appeared in the 

 beaker on the tenth day. 



A number of other experiments were made on this subject, the results 

 of the majority of Avhich were in accordance with those above given. 

 Several times the conclusions were vitiated fro;n the fact that yeast 

 developed in the sugar solution when nothing was added. 



It seems probable, in view of the results of the above experiments, 

 that some of the bacteria and micrococcus germs are really fungoid in 

 character and capable of development into higher forms. 



It is unlikely that all the minute organisms above referred to are of 

 the same character, but any attempt at classitication of them is of very 

 doubtful utility. If it is ever successfully done it will pr()1)ably be by 

 the application of chemical tests. We may nuMition that a solution of 

 suli)hate of (piinine st()i)s the motion of bacteria very rapidly, while 

 strychnine has no particular efiect ; and, again, in a solution of pure 



