98 



KESOUKCES OF CALIKORXIA. 



Tlie leaves are dark green, lustrous, four inches long, one mch 

 wi.le, sharp at both ends, with smooth edges. The iohage >s 

 dense. The wood is grayish in color, very hard, durable, and 

 difficult to split. Both leaves and wood have an aromatm 

 odor, whicli is stronger in the former ; and becomes s .11 

 stronoer when the leaves are bruised. The odor resembles 

 that of bay-rum. It gives the headache to some sensitive 



persons. . .... 



8 73 3£adrona.—ThG madrona {Arbutus 7nenziesii) is one 

 of the most striking trees of the Californian forest. It is an 

 evergreen, with an open growth, somewhat hke that ot a 

 maple, bright-green and lustrous leaves, and a bright-red bark. 

 Its height is sometimes fifty feet; its diameter in the trunk 

 two feet. The leaves are oval in shape, three inches long, 

 pea-green underneath, and dark and shining above. The bai-k 

 is smooth, and it peels off at regular seasons ; the new bark is 

 a pea-green, which changes to a bright red. The wood is very 

 hard, and is used to some extent in the arts, especially for ma- 

 king the wooden stirrups commonly used m the state, ihe 

 tree bears a bright-red berry in clusters, of which the birds 



are fond. . 7 7 7 \ 



8 Y4 Manzanita.—ThQ manzanita {Arctostaphijlos glauca), 



another prominent feature in the Californian forest, is a dense 

 clump-like shrub, which grows as high as twelve feet, and 

 nearly as broad as it is high. The trunk divides near the 

 ground into several or many branches, and these terimnate m 

 a great multitude of twigs, so that the shrub is a dense mass 

 of branches and branchlets, all of which are very crooked. 

 The wood is dense, hard, and dark-red in color. The bark is 

 red and smooth, occasionally peeling off and exposing a new 

 light-green bark, which soon turns red. The leaves are regu- 

 larly oval in form, about an inch and a half long, thick and 

 shining, and pea-green in color ; they set vertically upon then- 

 stems. The manzanita bears a pinkish-white blossom m clus- 

 ters, and these are replaced by round red berries about half an 

 inch in diameter ; they have a pleasant, acidulous taste, and 



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