BONES OF THE HORSE. 



37 



DESCRIPTION— ARTIFICIAL SKELETON OF THE HORSE. 



1. Cranium and upper jaw. 



2. Lower jaw. 



3. Cervical vertebrse— Jointed process of 

 the neck. 



4-4. Dorsal vertebrse— Jointed process of 

 the back. 



5-5. Lumbar vertebxaj— Jointed process of 

 the loins. 



6-6. Sacrum. A consolidation of the five 

 sacral vertobra;, articulated, or jointed in 

 front with ihe last lumbar, or loin, vertebrae, 

 and behind with the first coccygeal bone; 

 and on the sides with the coxse, the bones 

 which, with the sacrum, form the pelvis or 

 haunch. 



7-7. Coccygeal vertebrse— Jointed process 

 extending from sacrum backward. 



8. Sub-trochanterian crest. 



9-9. Sternal or true ribs. 



10-10. Cartilages of true ribs. 



11-11. Asternal, or false ribs. 



12-12. Cartilages of false ribs. 



13. Scapula, or collar bone. 



14. Fourteenth Dorsal Vertebra — The 

 axis upon which the carcass is hung. 



15. Radius— Forearm. 



16. Ulna, or elbow. 



17. Pisiform, or pea-shaped bone. 



18. Cuneiform, or wedge-shaped bone. 



19. Lunar bone. 



20. Trapezoid, or table bone. 



21. Magnum, or large bone. 



22. Scaphoid, or cradle bone. 



23. Unciform. This, with the last six 

 named, make up the carpus or knee of the 

 front limb. 



24. Metacarpal, or cannon bone. 

 25-26. Splint bones, two on each leg. 

 27-28. Sesamoid bones, two on each leg. 



29. Large, or upper pastern bone. 



30. Small, or lower pastern bone. 



31. Pedal, coffin, or foot bone. 



32. Wings of coffin, or foot bone. 



33-36 and 34-35. Coxte— these bones with 

 the sacrum form the pelvis. 

 37. Femur, or thigh bone. 



Tibia, large leg bone. 



Calcis. 



Astralagus. 



Scaphoid or cradle bone. 



Cuneiform, or large wedge-shaped 



38. 



39. 



40. 



41. 



42. 

 bone. 



43. 



44. 

 bone. 



Cuboid, or cube bone. 

 Little cuneiform, or wedge-shaped 

 This, with the last five named, form 

 the tarsus, or hock, of the hind limbs. 

 45. Metatarsal, or cannon bone. 

 46^7. External and internal splint bones. 



48. Humerus, or arm bone. 



49. Fibula annexed to tibia (88). 



A. Molars. 



B. Canine teeth, or tusks. 



C. Incisors. 



E. Atlas — First vertebra, or joint of neck, 

 articulating or jointing immediately with 

 the occipital or head bone, and sustaining 

 the head. Hence its name. 



G. Orbit— Cavity in which the eye is situ- 

 ated. 



M. Cariniform cartilage of head of hu- 

 merus (48). 



N. Ensiform or sword-shaped cartilage 

 of ulna (16). 



O. Coracoid process of scapula (13). 

 Spine, or ridge of scapula (13). 

 Cartilage of prolongation of scapula 



P. 



Q. 



(13). 

 R. 



S. 



External trochanter of humerus (48). 

 Sternum, or breast bone supporting 

 the ribs. 



T. Trochlea, a pulley -like process of 

 femur (.37). 

 U. External condyle of femur (37). 

 V. Patella, or stifle annexed to femur (37). 

 W. Hock joint. 

 X. Major trochanter of femur (37). 



