The Geological Features. 155 



Each of these groups is well represented in the 

 neighbourhood of Craigmillar. Beginning with the 

 lowest of them, we have already seen how the strata 

 of the first or Calciferous Sandstone series have been 

 folded over the Pentland anticline, and the lower beds 

 of the same formation tilted up by the great fault on 

 the east side, so that instead of having the same strata 

 appearing on both sides of the anticline, those on the 

 east side are of a much earlier date. This formation 

 extends in a narrow belt or strip along the foot of the 

 Pentlands on its eastern side as far as Carlops, 

 running along the base of the Moorfoots, and turning 

 northwards by Borthwick and Roman Camp, eventu- 

 ally reaching the sea at Aberlady, and forming the 

 outer edge of the Mid-Lothian coal-basin. To the west 

 of Edinburgh, and west of the Pentland anticline, the 

 strata of this formation are more fully represented 

 than on the east side, the Pentland fault having 

 thrown out a considerable depth of strata in the latter, 

 so that we have the Burdiehouse Limestone, with a 

 comparatively thin section of strata intervening be- 

 tween it and the Gilmerton Limestone (the lower 

 limestone of the next series above), where, on the 



