COCOON MFE AND BABYHOOD. 213 



skin, and all parts are perfected. By this time the body is (-..vrml with 

 hair and they possess claws and bristles ; they crawl about ami begin to 

 spin, but remain in the neighborhood of the cocoon. They have as vH 

 no need for food, as sufficient yelk is deposited in their bodies for present 

 wants. 



After six or eight days the second moulting takes place, and they now 

 begin to feel hungry, and, when nothing else offers, attack each other, the 

 strong devouring the weak. Mcnge also noticed that when kept impris- 

 oned they will even eat the old skin; but when at liberty neither of these 

 extreme measures take place, as a general thing, inasmuch as plenty of 

 food is found around the place of their birth. At this time each aranead 

 supports itself as Nature ordained, and, its appetite becoming ravenous, it 

 rapidly increases in size and development. For this reason Menge never 

 succeeded in carrying young ones, hatched in a glass, over this period and 

 lie doubts whether it can be done at all, even taking foreign varieties (such 

 as American) for the purpose. He tried Le Bon's experiment, feeding them 

 from quills rilled with blood of young pigeons, but without success. A few 

 of them may suck the blood, but most of them pay no attention whatever 

 to this unnaturally served food. Most grown spiders present the same dif- 

 ficulty, preferring to starve to death rather than accept food which they 

 do not fancy; even the very insects on which they live when free are re- 

 fused if not caught by themselves. 



Menge often tried to bring to maturity a yet undescribed spider (Me- 

 lanophora), which he found rarely, and always full grown; but in this he 

 failed. Although the glass was filled with flies, mosquitoes, po- 

 dura, etc., the spider left them untouched, and finally both in- 

 Difficult sec ^ s an( ^ spider died. The same result attended efforts with 

 Saltigrades. Lineweavers and Tubeweavers were much easier to 

 feed, as they attack everything that falls into their web when not too large 

 or too much against their taste. The easiest to keep in captivity are the 

 Lycosids, which become tame and will take flies offered to them in the 

 hand. 1 



IV. 



After the rigors of winter have been successfully endured, the warm 

 days of spring first hasten the process of hatching, and then tempt the 

 spiderlings from their cocoon. I have repeatedly observed, dur- 

 }pen Air . n g ft ger j eg o f y earSj the issuing of broods and their behavior 

 immediately thereafter. The observations have been under fa- 

 vorable conditions within doors, and also out of doors from cocoons trans- 

 ferred from their original site and affixed to branches of shrubbery, and a 

 few in original site. The young of various species representing Orbwcavcrs. 



1 Menge, " Preussische Spinnen." 



