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CHAPTER VII. 

 ADULTERATIONS AND SUBSTITUTES. 



IT is said that in Thuringia, over 1000 tons yearly 

 of dried beetroot-leaves are passed off as tobacco. These 

 leaves, and those of chicory and cabbage, are similarly 

 employed in Magdeburg and the Palatinate. Many of the 

 Vevey cigars of S. Germany are entirely composed of 

 cabbage- and beetroot-leaves which have been steeped 

 in tobacco-water for a long time. Other leaves, such 

 as rhubarb, dock, burdock, and coltsfoot are also used. 

 These are all principally for cigars. For smoking- 

 tobacco, chamomile flowers, exhausted in water, then 

 dyed and sweetened with logwood and liquorice, and 

 dried, have been mixed with tobacco in such proportions 

 as 70-80 per cent. In America, a specially-prepared 

 brown paper, saturated with the juice expressed from 

 tobacco-stems and other refuse, is most extensively 

 used, not only for the " wrappers " of cigars, but also for 

 "filling." Various ground woods, starches, meals, and 

 pigments are introduced into snuff. 



A New York paper mentions that a great quantity 

 of brown straw paper lately reached Havana, which 

 was to be employed in the manufacture of Havana 

 cigars. Straw paper impregnated with the juice of 

 tobacco stalks is wound up with the leaf in such a 

 way that it is often impossible to detect the adultera- 

 tion. Dr. Jacobson, writing in the Industrie Blatter, 



