214 SCEOPHULAEIACE2E. 



in our woods, flowering in June and July. The leaves grow 

 in pairs, and are deeply toothed at the base ; the pale yellow 

 flowers, also growing in pairs, are turned to one side. The 

 corolla is closed, so that you cannot see into its throat or tube. 



There are a Crested Cow-wheat with square stems, and heart- 

 shaped, toothed bracts ; and a Purple Cow-wheat with pinnate 

 bracts. The flowers of both these are purple. 



The Wood Cow-wheat (M. sylvaticum), has very small, 

 bright yellow, gaping flowers, and narrow simple leaves. It 

 grows in Teesdale. 



The Yellow Rattle (Rhinanthus crista-galli), is a common 

 meadow plant. The rattling of the ripe seeds in the large 

 capsule is the origin of its familiar name. The upper lip of 

 the corolla is drawn over the style. The flower is yellow, with 

 two or three blue spots. 



The Dwarf Red Rattle, or Lousewort, is an exceedingly 

 pretty plant. Both it and the Marsh Lousewort have swelled 

 seed-vessels with pinnate sepals attached. The leaves are 

 finely pinnate, and the rose-coloured blossom rises above the 

 dark sepals. The Dwarf species (Pedicularis sylvatica), grows 

 only two or three inches high ; it favours moist, elevated 

 pastures. The Marsh Lousewort is from a span to a foot high, 

 with crimson blossoms and a branched shrubby stem. It is 

 comparatively rare : I found it in an excursion up Swaledale. 

 A party of us were walking and riding by turns, and we halted 

 to eat our luncheon on the borders of a wood. There were 

 lead mines very near. During the halt I roamed along a path 

 leading by the side of a swamp, hoping to find some floral 

 treasures. Some half dozen yards off" in the wet ground grew 

 the Marsh Lousewort (P. palustris), and the large Cotton Grass 

 side by side. Both were new to me, and I was meditating how 

 best to reach them, when two miners came by. They stopped 

 and regarded me with good-natured curiosity. " You're not 

 ganging into 't bog wi' them bits o' shoas of yer feet?" 

 asked the elder man. " Yes," I replied, " I have a great wish 



