PREGNANCY AND PARTURITION 63 



in 12 male clogs and an average of 5,799,500 red corpuscles and 

 13.72 gms. of Hb in 5 female dogs. In 10 male rabbits the same 

 investigator found an average of 4,710,760 red corpuscles and 

 10.05 gms. of Hb and in 10 female rabbits an average of 3,605,000 

 red corpuscles and 8.77 gms. of Hb. Of seven normal horses 

 Moore, Haring and Cady found an average of 8,595,000 red cor- 

 puscles and 99.3% Hb in three males and 7,532,000 red corpuscles 

 and 90% Hb in four females. Sussdorf gives the number of red 

 corpuscles in the mare as 6,650,000 and in the gelding as 7,780,000. 

 He also states that males are richer in hemoglobin than females 

 and that castrated animals have the most hemoglobin. Storch 

 found an average of 8,205,000 corpuscles in the stallion, 7,595,000 

 in geldings and 7,119,000 in mares; 6,503,000 in bulls, 6,683,000 

 in oxen and 5,473,000 in cows; 11,183,000 in rams, 9,839,000 in 

 wethers and 10,396,000 in ewes. 



Wiendieck found that there were from 6.9 to 10.3 millions, 

 average 8.1, in stallions; from 5.4 to 9.3, average 7.1, in geldings; 

 and from 5.9 to 7.5, average 6.9, in mares. In guinea pigs the 

 writer found an average of 5,866,000 corpuscles in 10 males and 

 an average of 4,972,000 in four females. In man the average of 

 red corpuscles is 5,000,000 while the average for woman is 4,500,000. 

 The difference between the sexes appears at the time menstruation 

 is established. 



Pregnancy and parturition. The effect in the different species 

 of animals has not as yet been determined in a sufficient number 

 of cases to warrant making a definite statement for each. Normal 

 pregnancy seems not to affect the number of red corpuscles as a 

 rule, though Cohnstein found an average of 9,742,000 red cor- 

 puscles and 7.8% hemoglobin in seven pregnant sheep and an 

 average of 12,090,000 corpuscles and 5.5% Hb in five non-pregnant 

 sheep. Thompson gives the following conclusions as the result 

 of examinations of 12 pregnant women at different stages of 

 gestation. There is a moderate increase in the red corpuscles 

 rather early in pregnancy, remaining subnormal throughout the 

 middle months and rising again to normal at the termination of 

 pregnancy — not, however, in all cases. He found a low percent- 

 age of hemoglobin constant throughout the first months, rapidly 

 approaching normal as pregnancy draws to a close. 



Parturition seems to lower the count for a short time. Burnett 



