CHAPTER V 

 INFLUENCES AFFECTING THE LEUCOCYTES 



LEUCOCYTOSIS 



An increase in the number of leucocytes in the circulating blood 

 is known as leucocytosis or hyperlcucocytosis. A diminution in 

 the number is called leucopenia or hypoleucocytosis. If the in- 

 crease involves mainly the polymorphonuclears it is called a 

 poly nuclear leucocytosis, polynucleosis, or leucocytosis in a restricted 

 sense. When the lymphocytes only are concerned it is known as 

 lymphocytosis; when the large mononuclears as mononucleosis; 

 when the eosinophils as eosinophilic,; when the mast cells as 

 basophilia. When more than one variety is increased, it is called 

 a mixed leucocytosis. 



Leucocytosis occurs sometimes under physiological conditions 

 and sometimes is due to pathological processes. The more im- 

 portant varieties are: 



PHYSIOLOGICAL LEUCOCYTOSES 



Leucocytosis of digestion. 



Leucocytosis of pregnancy and parturition. 



Leucocytosis of the new born. 



Leucocytosis of violent exercise, cold baths and massage. 



PATHOLOGICAL LEUCOCYTOSES 



Inflammatory. 

 Post hemorrhagic. 

 Ante-mortem. 



Digestion. — The investigations of Pohl, Rieder and Goodall, 

 Gulland and Paton on dogs and of Brinckerhoff and Tyzzer on 

 rabbits have shown that there is a diminution in the number of 



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