112 SPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 



siderable absorption of the toxins of the tubercle bacillus" (Ewing). 



In cases of tuberculosis with secondary infection the blood 

 may exhibit the changes found in infection with pyogenic or- 

 ganisms. These, however, are not so common in the domesticated 

 animals as in man. Ordinarily only slight changes in the size 

 and form of the red corpuscles are seen. Poikilocytosis and 

 marked changes in the size of the red corpuscles may be found in 

 cases of severe anemia. Nucleated red cells are as a rule not found. 

 The fibrin is not increased except in cases of secondary infection. 

 The blood plates were found by Webb, Gilbert and Havens to be 

 increased in guinea pigs to 468,000-776,000 with an average of 

 622,000 per cmm. in eleven cases. 



Ordinarily the number of leucocytes is diminished with a 

 relative lymphocytosis. In a proportion of generalized cases the 

 leucocytes may be increased, though as a rule there is leucopenia. 

 The proportion of polymorphs is sometimes above the normal. 

 In a dog with generalized disease I found 3,050,000 red corpuscles 

 and 4,100 leucocytes. A differential count of the leucocytes gave 

 15.6% lymphocytes, seven per cent, large mononuclears, 74.4% 

 polymorphs, 2.8% eosins, and 0.2% mast cells. Courmont and 

 Lesieur found 88% polynuclears in a tuberculous dog. Webb, 

 Gilbert and Havens found the leucocytes increased in tuberculous 

 guinea pigs to 10,000-15,000 with an average of 13,200 per cmm. 

 in eleven cases. Moore and Ward examined the blood of tuber- 

 culous fowls and found from 1,010,000-2,600,000 red cells and 

 from 35-70% hemoglobin. The leucocytes appeared to be slightly 

 increased. Ellermann and Bang state that there is ordinarily an 

 increase in the number of leucocytes in tuberculous fowls. The 

 increase is in the polymorphonuclears. 



Arloing and Courmont found that the serum from tuberculous 

 subjects would agglutinate cultures of tubercle bacilli. Similar 

 results have been obtained by other investigators; but agglutina- 

 tion could not be obtained by several others. At present the 

 agglutination test has not been sufficiently elaborated to be of 

 clinical value. 



TETANUS 



In two cases in the horse (Meier) and in three in man (Cabot) 

 a leucocytosis was present. In the horse the red corpuscles and 



