»6;] THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTTER 43 



The great increase of the average value of output in 1890 

 over 1880 was partially due to the fact that the price of 

 dairy products was somewhat higher in 1879 than in 1889. 

 The annual average butter price for 1889 was about two 

 cents higher than for 1879. However, the difference in 

 price can not alone account for the great increase in the 

 value of the output. During this decade creameries in- 

 stalled the power separator and established skimming sta- 

 tions in outlying districts, and in this way enlarged the 

 establishment and increased its output. 



The more important movement toward concentration 

 began after 1890. As already stated, this was in the butter 

 industry and was due to the introduction of the hand sep- 

 arator. Concentration in the manufacture of cheese and 

 condensed milk cannot extend as far as in the manufacture 

 of butter, because in the former two industries whole milk 

 must be brought to the factories, while in butter-making 

 cream may be received. The transportation charge of the 

 raw material in cheese-making and the manufacture of con- 

 densed milk is therefore considerably more than in the 

 manufacture of butter. 



