CHAPTER I 



The Manufacture of Butter 



the domestic system of manufacture 



Butter-making on the farm is the domestic system of 

 manufacture in the butter industry, and is to be contrasted 

 with the factory system of production. In the United 

 States the first butter factory was put into operation in 

 1861 ; until then the making of butter remained a domestic 

 industry exclusively. The first factories were known as 

 butter factories, but they soon came to be known as cream- 

 eries, and this designation has now become well estab- 

 lished. Creameries sprung into prominence in the 70's, 

 and since then there has been remarkable development in 

 the butter industry. In spite of this growth, however, the 

 domestic system remains, and there is still more butter 

 made on the farm than in the factory, as may be seen by 

 referring to Table no. 1. 



In this country the manufacture of cheese has changed 

 almost entirely from the domestic system to the factory 

 system. The manufacture of butter, however, is still 

 divided between the farm and the factory in the propor- 

 tion of about three-fifths for the farm and two-fifths for 

 the factory. In spite of the fact that more than half of 

 the butter is still made on the farm, the domestic system 

 as compared with the factory system shows a gradual de- 

 cline during the last twenty-five years, and it may be ex- 

 pected that the transfer of butter-making from the farm 

 to the factory will continue with the improvement of trans- 

 235] " 



