279] THE PROD UCTION OF BUTTER 55 



from one section to another, sire in section 1 going to section 

 2, sire in section 2 to section 3, etc. This exchange shall be 

 made every two years. Inbreeding shall not be practiced. 



12. The loss of a sire in any section through death or other 

 causes shall be made good by the purchase of a pure-bred 

 sire of the same breed by the association. 



13. All receipts from sale of sires or breeding service to non- 

 members shall be turned in to the association and credited to 

 the sinking fund. 



14. Breeding service to non-members shall be $ . 



15. Farmers in charge of sires shall keep record of all ser- 

 vices and report same to secretary at the end of the year. 



16. All members shall report to the secretary at the end of 

 the year calves born, of either sex, sired by the association sire. 



17. The secretary of the association shall hold all papers of 

 registration, keep record of placement of sires in the different 

 sections and their exchange, and keep memorandum of all 

 calves of either sex born in the association. 



Two plans of breeding may be followed. The associa- 

 tion may agree to secure sires of several of the good dairy 

 breeds and to change these from time to time. In Wis- 

 consin a few associations follow this plan, but most of them 

 in the State decide upon a particular dairy breed by a ma- 

 jority vote and develop the pure-bred dairy cow. In both 

 plans the native stock, which consists of general-purpose 

 cows or scrub cattle, is retained and improved by the in- 

 fusion of a good dairy strain through the male. 



Marvelous possibilities to increase the country's food 

 supply are resident in the principle of breeding. According 

 to the last census, the average production of butter-fat per 

 cow in the United States is 145 pounds. In a census of 

 cows in dairy states taken by W. D. Hoard the average is 

 158 pounds. This is considerably lower than the average 

 production of butter per cow in Denmark, which in 1908 



