86 THE BUTTER INDUSTRY IN UNITED STATES [310 



than through the use of manure. G. F. Warren * points 

 out that " on most farms selling butter, much less than half 

 the fertility of the feed ever reaches the fields. It rots and 

 wastes away around the barns, and is lost where cows stand 

 in the pasture creek or where they congregate in the corner 

 or under trees. Arguments against selling milk assume that 

 when the skim milk is fed to hogs, the fertility is all saved. 

 It would be interesting to know just how many acres in 

 America have been manured with hog manure ". Most of 

 this carelessness as to the use of manure is due to a lack 

 of information on the part of the average farmer. If scien- 

 tific knowledge were thoroughly popularized, the manure 

 including the liquid manure would all be saved and returned 

 to the land providing the greatest return to labor could be 

 secured in this way. If the peoples of the world allow 

 themselves to be reduced to such a low standard of living 

 as that obtaining in China we shall probably also utilize, 

 like the Chinese farmer, every bit of manure, all human 

 waste and canal dirt available. 2 In Chinese agriculture the 

 dairy cow is eliminated and all land devoted to products of 

 greater food value. Hopkins 3 says that " 1,000 bushels of 

 grain have at least five times as much food value and will 

 support five times as many people as will the meat or milk 

 that can be made from it ". In view of this fact he con- 

 tends that " livestock farming must and should continue to 

 decrease, except on rough lands not suited to cultivation, 

 in semi-arid sections where the average produce is not worth 

 harvesting otherwise or in especially favored sections near 

 the cities where dairy farming is profitable and may easily 

 be made permanent because of the addition of manure 



1 Farm Management, p. 202. 



1 Vide chapters 5 and 9 of F. H. King's Farmers of Forty Centuries. 



3 Hopkins, op. cit., pp. 234-5. 



