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That it shall be the object and duty of said experiment 

 stations to conduct original researches or verify experiments 

 on the physiology of plants and animals; the diseases to which 

 they are severally subject with the remedies of the same; the 

 chemical composition of useful plants at their different stages 

 of growth ; the comparative advantages of rotative cropping 

 as pursued under the varying series of crops ; the capacity of 

 new plants or trees for acclimation; the analysis of soils and 

 water; the chemical composition of manures, natural or 

 artificial, with experiments designed to test the comparative 

 effects on crops of different kinds; the adaptation and value 

 of grasses and forage plants ; the composition and digestibility 

 of the different kinds of food for domestic animals; the 

 scientific and economic questions involved in the production 

 of butter and cheese ; and such other researches or experi- 

 ments bearing directly on the agricultural industry of the 

 United States as may in each case be deemed advisable, having 

 due regard to the varying conditions and needs of the re- 

 spective States and Territories. 



The section specifically requires that original researches 

 shall be conducted on the " scientific and economic questions 

 involved in the production of butter and cheese ". Dairy 

 investigations in states where dairying is a prominent type 

 of farming, are further urged by the general statement of 

 the section that in the investigations of agricultural prob- 

 lems due regard must be had " to varying conditions and 

 needs of the respective States and Territories ". 



Sec. 3 of this act welds these experiment stations into a 

 national system. Each station is required to report to the 

 Secretary of Agriculture on special forms prescribed by 

 him concerning the results of investigations or experiments. 

 The Secretary is also charged " to indicate from time to 

 time such lines of inquiry as to him shall seem most im- 

 portant, and, in general, to furnish such advice and assist- 

 ance as will best promote the purpose of this act ". An- 



