379] PRESENT ORGANIZATION OF BUTTER MARKET 155 



far in excess of the amount passing through any other city. 

 The reason for this is plain. Chicago is in close proximity 

 to the producing area, and is connected by good trans- 

 portation service with this section of the country as well 

 with the big cities of the east and south. There is there- 

 fore no doubling of transportation costs in the disposition 

 of the butter at this point. Next to Chicago, New York 

 receives more butter than any city in the country. Its local 

 demands of course are great. But there is also consider- 

 able out-of-town trade, and most of the butter exported 

 from the United States is shipped from this port. It also 

 receives most of the butter imported. Both exports and 

 imports of butter are small compared with the total amount 

 produced and consumed in the United States. The extent 

 of the foreign trade as well as the places through which ex- 

 ports and imports pass may be seen from table no. 16. 1 



Boston and New York on the Atlantic Coast, San Fran- 

 cisco and Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast, points in Michi- 

 gan on the northern boarder, New Orleans, Corpus Christi, 

 and other towns in Texas and Arizona on the southern 

 border, are the principal outlets for shipping butter to for- 

 eign countries. No butter comes into the country along the 

 southern border. But considerable quantities cross the Can- 

 adian border into Vermont, New York and Michigan. 



Prior to 19 14, the imports for some years past were only 

 a little more than 1,000,000 pounds, 2 but during 1914 there 

 was a big increase. This was principally due to the reduc- 

 tion of the tariff from 6c. a pound to 2y 2 c. The new rate 

 went into effect October 4, 1913. With the high duty of 

 6c. a pound on butter, only the best butter came into the 



1 From Reports of the United States Bureau of Foreign and Domes- 

 tic Commerce. 



2 Ibid. 



