222 THE BUTTER INDUSTRY IN UNITED STATES [446 



In establishments that make their own oleo oil and neutral 

 lard these constituents are piped to the room where the 

 oleomargarine is made and there mixed while they are still 

 in the liquid state. Establishments that buy their oleo oil 

 or neutral lard are fitted out with separate tanks in which 

 the constituents are melted. If butter enters into the com- 

 pound a tank must be provided to melt butter. All the 

 constituents are weighed according to a formula of the 

 manufacturer's own or as called for by dealers. The 

 mixture is rapidly cooled to prevent crystallization. After 

 it is cooled it is tempered, churned with milk or cream, 

 salted, and worked. Many different grades can be pro- 

 duced because the proportion of the constituents can be 

 easily varied and because the quality of the constituents 

 themselves may vary greatly. Following are formulas * of 

 three different grades : 



Formula i.-Cheap Grade Pounds. 



Oleo oil 495 



Neutral lard 265 



Cottonseed oil 315 



Milk 255 



Salt 120 



Color i l A 



Total i,45i54 



This will produce from 1,265 to 1,300 pounds of oleo- 

 margarine. 



Formula 2. — Medium High Grade Pounds 



Oleo oil 315 



Neutral lard 500 



Cream 280 



Milk 280 



Salt 120 



Color i l / 2 



Total M&6J4 



1 From Census 1900, vol. ix, p. 521. 



