January 29, 1920] 



NATURE 



577 



PARIS ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 

 Prizes Proposed for 1921. 



Mathematics. — The Francoeur prize (1000 francs), to 

 the author of discoveries or works useful to the pro- 

 gress of pure or applied mathematics. 



Mechanics. — The Montyon prize (700 francs), for the 

 invention or improvement of instruments useful to the 

 progress of the mechanical arts ; the Poncelet prize 

 {2000 francs), to the author (of any nationality) of 

 the worli most useful to the progress of applied mathe- 

 matics; the Boileau prize (1300 francs), for new re- 

 searches concerning the motion of fluids (if theoretical, 

 experimental confirmation is required) ; the Henri de 

 Parville prize (1500 francs), for original work in 

 mechanics ; the Pierson-Perrin prize (5000 francs), for 

 a discovery in mechanics. 



Astronomy. — The Lalande prize (540 francs), for the 

 most interesting observation or memoir most useful 

 to the progress of astronomy ; the Benjamin Valz 

 prize (460 francs), to works conforming to the same 

 conditions as the Lalande prize ; the Pierre Guzman 

 prize (100,000 francs), for the discovery of a means of 

 communicating with a celestial body (excluding 

 Mars) ; the G. de Pont6couIant prize (700 francs), for 

 encouraging research in celestial mechanics. 



Geography. — ^The Gay prize (1500 francs), for a 

 memoir on the most recent improvements introduced 

 into geodesy; the Tchihatchef foundation, for the 

 assistance of explorers in the less known parts of 

 Asia. 



Navigation. — The prize of 6000 francs, for progress 

 of any nature tending to increase the efficiency of the 

 French naval forces ; the Plumey prize (4000 francs), 

 for improvement in steam-engines or any other in- 

 vention contributing to the progress of steam naviga- 

 tion. 



Physics. — The Gaston Plants prize (3000 francs), for 

 the author of a discovery, invention, or work im- 

 portant in the domain of electricity ; the Hubert prize 

 (1000 francs), for a treatise or discovery useful for 

 the popularisation or practical use of electricity ; the 

 Henri de Parville prize (1500 francs), for original work 

 in physics ; the Hughes prize (2500 francs), for an 

 original discovery in physical science, especially elec- 

 tricity and magnetism or their applications ; the 

 Clement Felix prize (2.1500 francs), for facilitating the 

 continuation of researches concerning the applications 

 of electricity. 



Chemistry.— The Montyon prize (Unhealthy Trades) 

 (a prize of 2500 francs and a mention of 1500 francs), 

 for the discovery of a means of rendering some 

 mechanical art less unhealthy ; the Jecker prize 

 (10,000 francs), for work in organic chemistry; the 

 Cahours prize (3000 francs), for encouraging young 

 workers already known by their chemical researches; 

 the Berthelot prize (500 francs), for researches in 

 chemical synthesis ; the Houzeau prize (700 francs), 

 for a young deserving chemist. 



Mineralogy and Geology. — The Cuvier prize (1500 

 francs), for the most remarkable work in mineralogy 

 and geology; the Delesse prize (1400 francs), for a 

 work on geological or mineralogical science ; the 

 Victor Raulin prize (i:;oo francs), for facilitating the 

 I publication of works relating to geology and palasonto- 

 I logv ; the Joseph Labb^ prize (1000 francs), for geo- 

 i logical worl^ or researches contributing to the develop- 

 I ment of the mineral resources of France, its colonies 

 and its protectorates. 



Botany. — The Desmazi^res prize (1600 francs), for 

 the best work on Cryptogams published during the 

 preceding year; the Montagne prize (1500 francs), 



I to the author or authors of important works or dis- 

 NO. 2622, VOL. 104] 



coveries on cellular plants; the Jean Thore prize 

 (200 francs), for the best memoir on European algae, 

 mosses, lichens, or fungi ; the de Coincy prize (900 

 francs), for a work on Phanerogams ; the Jean de 

 Rufz de Lavison prize (500 francs), for work on plant 

 physiology. 



Anatomy and Zoology. — The Da Gama Machado 

 prize (1200 francs), for the best memoir on the colour 

 of animals; the Savigny prize (1500 francs), for the 

 assistance of young travelling zoologists, not receiving 

 Government assistance, who make a special study of 

 the invertebrates of Egypt and Svria. 



Medicine and Surgery. — The Montyon prize (three 

 prizes of 2500 francs, three honourable mentions of 

 1500 francs, and citations), for improvements in medi- 

 cine or Surgery ; the Barbier prize (2000 francs), for 

 a valuable discovery in surgery, medicine, pharmacy, 

 or in botany in relation to the art of healing; the 

 Breant prize (100,000 francs), for the discovery of a 

 cure for Asiatic cholera or of a means of eradicating it; 

 the Godard prize (1000 francs), for the best memoir 

 on the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the 

 genito-urinary organs; the Mfege prize (10,000 francs), 

 to the author who continues and completes the essay 

 of Dr. Mfege on the causes which have retarded or 

 favoured the progress of medicine ; the Bellion prize 

 (1400 francs), for discoveries profitable to the health of 

 mankind or for the amelioration of the human species ; 

 the Baron Larrey prize (750 francs), to a physician or 

 surgeon (Army or Navy) for the best work dealing 

 with military medicine, surgery, or hygiene ; the Argut 

 prize, for a discovery of a means of medically treating 

 a disease hitherto amenable onlv to surgery. 



Physiology. — The Montyon prize (750 francs), for 

 work in experimental physiology ; the Lallemand 

 prize (1800 francs), for work on the nervous system; 

 the Philipeaux prize (900 francs), for experimental 

 physiology ; the Fanny Emden prize (3000 francs), for 

 the best worI< treating of hypnotism, suggestion, and in 

 general of physiological actions exerted at a distance 

 from the animal organism. 



Statistics. — The Montyon prize (one prize of 1000 

 francs, two mentions of 500 francs), for statistical 

 researches. 



History and Philosophy of Sciences. — ^The Binoux 

 prize (2000 francs), for work on the history and philo- 

 sophy of science. 



Medals. — The Arago medal, awarded at the discre- 

 tion of the Academy ; the Lavoisier medal, for eminent 

 work in chemistry; the Berthelot medal, with each 

 prize in chemistry awarded annually. 



General Prizes. — ^The prize founded by the State 

 (3000 francs) — subject proposed for 1921 : to establish 

 a methodical classification of the vascular paleozoic 

 plants ; the Le Conte prize (one prize of 50,000 francs, 

 encouragements), for notable discoveries in mathe- 

 matics, physics, chemistry, natural history, medical 

 science, dr new practical applications of these sciences ; 

 the Jean Reynaud prize (10,000 francs), for original 

 work in science ; the Baron de Joest prize (2000 francs), 

 for work in physical science ; the Parkin prize (3400 

 francs), for work on the relations between volcanic 

 action and abnormal atmospheric disturbances; the 

 Sainfoin prize (3000 francs), for contributions to the 

 mathematical sciences ; the Henri de Parville prize 

 (1500 francs); the Lonchampt prize (4000 francs), for 

 the best memoir on diseases of man, animals, or 

 plants from the point of view of the introduction of 

 mineral substances in excess as the cause of these 

 diseases ; the Henry Wilde prize (one prize of 4000 

 francs or two of 2000 francs), for discovery or work 

 in astronomy, physics, chemistry, mineralogy, geology, 

 or experimental mechanics; the Gustave Roux prize 



