98 Mr. H. J. Carter on Ramulina parasitica. 
(‘ Annals,’ 1857, vol. xix. p. 261). But it can hardly be 
doubted that the polymorphic spore does in such instances 
always come forth in a monociliated condition, while the mere 
retraction of the cilium is of common occurrence.) (4) After 
the retraction of the cilium the now wnciliated bodies flow 
together in the Mycetozoa, and thus becoming massed pro- 
duce the “ plasmodium.” This again has not been witnessed 
in the freshwater Rhizopoda, unless the groups of Actinophrys 
and the conjugations of Diflugia, in which I have found as 
many as five individuals together (‘ Annals,’ 1872, vol. ix. 
p. 421), be taken as instances of it. What the object of this 
“flowing together”? may be generally has not been disco- 
vered ; but in the Mycetozoa it leads to the evolution of the 
particular form which the species finally assumes and the 
development of the spores or reproductive bodies. (5) The 
activity of the Rhizopod ceases after it has attained its adult 
form and the reproductive bodies have been developed, when, 
as in the Mycetozoa, the body becomes effete and the repro- 
ductive bodies become free. ‘The latter then germinate and 
the life-history of the freshwater naked and testaceous Rhi- 
zopoda is also thus completed. 
Of course it is comparatively easy to witness the germina- 
tion of the spores of the Mycetozoa, because the species con- 
taining them are so large as to be capable of being handled, 
while the spores are so abundant in them that when torn to 
pieces they produce a dust (as before stated) which soils the 
fingers like soot, hence the name Athalium. On the other 
hand, the treshwater Rhizopoda are microscopic objects which 
can only be satisfactorily seen under a high power and only 
occasionally with reproductive bodies or spores in them; 
hence, again, it is only when they are testaceous, e. g. Hugly- 
pha (which has an unmistakable form of test), that the young 
or small ones can be recognized ; and this has been done by 
myself in one or more instances where the same vessel has 
contained a number of the adult forms more or less charged 
with the reproductive bodies (‘ Annals,’ 1856, vol. xvii. 
p- 230, pl. v. figs. 26-31 &c.). 
Turning now to the Foraminifera, we find:—(1) That the 
spore or reproductive body appears to consist in like manner 
ot a “round ball” composed of granuliferous plasma pre- 
senting in the aggregate a dark colour, held together by the 
natural coherency of the mass rather than by any specialized 
membrane. Max Schultze found such in the chambers of 
“ living” Rotalie in great abundance and of various sizes, less 
than the diameter of the siphon (?stolon) which connects the 
chambers, say about 1-3000th of an inch, as seen in the soft 
