106 Geological Society. 
PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. 
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
June 5, 1889.—Prof. J. W. Judd, F.R.S., 
Vice-President, in the Chair. 
The following communications were read :— 
1. “ Observations on some undescribed Lacustrine Deposits at 
Saint Cross, Southelmham, in Suffolk.” By Charles Candler, Esq. 
(Communicated by Clement Reid, Esq., F.G.8.) 
These deposits are situated in the basin of the River Waveney, 
33 miles E. by N. of Harleston, and 9 miles E.N.E. of Hoxne. They 
occupy a hollow in the Boulder-clay towards the northern edge of the 
plateau locally known as “ High Suffolk.” Saint Cross brickyard, 
which is the only section now visible, shows :— 
ft. 
a. Surtace-soil and gravel “s..cc.c0c-.s0cessse ssc -asceecsocussancessese sec 1-3 
6. Red and white loam, variable, fine or coarse, sandy or cal- 
careous. Elephant, Horse, &c. at base of the bed............... 3-5 
c. Fine, tenacious, grey and red clay, with carbonaceous seams 
towards the base. Valvata, Bythinia, Pisidium ...........-... 2-5 
d, Black peaty loam and sand, worked to a depth of 5 feet, but 
no bottom reached. Seeds and freshwater shells............... 5- 
éx@halkyaboulderi@layst-cscesss<:-tepecaesseseeteroeeseoeee et ateeeese secs 
No implements have yet been found in any of the beds; but 
Pleistocene Mammalia (determined by Mr. E. T. Newton) occur in 
bed 6. From bed d Mr. Clement Reid obtained seeds of 29 species 
of flowering plants. These are all marsh or aquatic species, except the 
hawthorn and dandelion. Unlike those found in Prof. Prestwich’s 
bed d at Hoxne, there are no Arctic forms among them; but the 
Author pointed out that the Arctic plants of Hoxne were determined 
from leaves found in laminated clays, while the matrix in which the 
plants are found at St. Cross is only suitable for the preservation of 
seeds. However, certain of the plants do not range far north, and 
the occurrence of a large tree in the upper part of bed d points to a less 
rigorous climate than that under which the leaf-bearing beds at 
Hoxne were deposited. 
The lacustrine beds now occupy a ridge between two depressions, 
the valleys having been deeply eroded, or perhaps formed since the 
filling-up of the lake. It appears probable that on the final retreat 
of the last ice-sheet the hollows of the Boulder-clay were occupied 
by a series of lakes and pools. For the most part the sedimentary 
deposits formed in these hollows have been entirely swept away ; 
but at Saint Cross the mud and loam of one such lake have been 
preserved. 
2. «On certain Chelonian Remains from the Wealden and Pur- 
beck.” By R. Lydekker, Esq., B.A., F.G.S. 
In the first part of the paper the Author described a portion of 
