386 Mr. A. Alcock on the Bathybial Fishes 
PYCNOCRASPEDUM, gen. nov. 
Allied to Barathrodemus. 
Head large, body compressed, both covered entirely with 
small, thin, smooth, rather deciduous scales. Head-bones 
and opercles spineless. Snout short, broad, and_not over- 
hanging the jaws, which are equal in front. Eye of mode- 
rate size. Mouth very large; teeth in villiform bands in the 
jaws, palatines, and vomer. No barbel. Gill-openings wide, 
gill-membranes entirely separate; four gills; eight branchio- 
stegals ; no pseudobranchiew. Lateral line incomplete on the 
tail. Vertical fins invested with thick scaly skin. Caudal 
free, united with the verticals at its extreme base only. Pec- 
toral fins entire. Ventral fins in the form of bifid filaments. 
Pycnocraspedum squamipinne, sp. nov. 
Head large, flattened a little laterally and very much at its 
crown; body broad immediately behind the head, where its 
height is 54 in the total length ; its posterior portion and the 
tapering tailcompressed. Head in length 32 in the total (with 
caudal) ; its height 1? in its length ; its width a little over Zits 
height ; all its bones strong and smooth. Snout broad, rounded, 
rather depressed, flattened at the tip, and not overhanging 
the jaws; its length is hardly more than that of the eye, 
which is one sixth of that of the head. Interorbital space 
flat and wider than the long diameter of the eye. Operculum 
with a bony ridge above, ending in a blunt point. Preoper- 
culum slightly emarginate at its angle. A large open nostril 
in front of the eye and a smaller valved one near the edge of 
the snout. Cleft of mouth obliquely ascending, its gape 
enormous. The maxilla, which extends behind the vertical 
from the posterior border of the orbit, is much expanded pos- 
teriorly, and there covered with scales. The premaxillaries 
are protractile and not closely approximated. All the jaw- 
bones very strong. Teeth in villiform bands in the jaws and 
palatines and in a V-shaped patch on the vomer. 
Gill-openings very wide; gill-lamine rather broad; four 
long gill-rakers on the outer edge of the middle of the first 
arch, elsewhere in the form of short knobbed styles. Body 
and head covered with small, thin, smooth, rather deciduous 
scales, fifty-two in a transverse line through the anus. The 
lateral line ends in the posterior fourth of the tail. Vertical 
fins with stout rays invested with thick integument and 
covered with scales smaller than those on the body ; the dorsal 
begins just in front of the base of the pectorals. Caudal ex- 
