4 PRESIDENT S ADDRESS. 



or a Roman pavement to be uncovered, Mr. Cunnington was 

 always to the fore, and as lately as last winter we heard some 

 of his notes on his work, others of which are scattered through 

 our volumes. 



ZOOLOGY. 



The question of the advantages of inoculation for typhoid 

 has been put to the proof during the present war, and the 

 data given in Parliament and taken from reliable sources 

 show that not only is the mortality more than three times 

 as great amongst those attacked who have not been inoculated, 

 but the proportion attacked is about 14 times greater in the 

 case of the latter. On the island of Principe the Portuguese 

 have been remarkably successful in extirpating the tsetse 

 fly and sleeping sickness by a campaign against the fly, and 

 though a reward of 5 dollars per fly has been offered, none 

 have been caught since April, 1914. An interesting observa- 

 tion in the Panama Canal zone has been the flights of 



Anopheles, the malaria mosquito, over a distance of 6,000 

 feet, from a marsh to an inhabited area, these flights being 

 of sufficient size to attract insectivorous birds. A report of 

 the Board of Agriculture on swine fever assigns the cause 

 to a microbe too small to be microscopically visible, and 

 gives various recommendations in connection with the disease, 

 including a method of vaccination against it. The address 

 of the President of the Zoological Section of the British 



Association last year was on the evolution of the cell. The 

 subject was of course an abstruse and speculative one, and 

 I must refer my hearers to the Address itself for any details. 

 The Address in the Physiological Section was also on the 

 subject of cells, and was entitled " The Physiological im- 

 portance of Phase Boundaries." It also is too abstruse 

 and technical to be further dealt with here. There were 

 many interesting papers in the zoological section some in 

 connection with material collected on the visit of the 

 Association to Australia in 1914. The rearing and 



