AUSTRALIAN TREES AND SHRUBS. 103 



cattle and sheep. The cider gum is interesting as being the 

 first Australian tree that was cultivated in the open-air in 

 England. Reference has already been made to the planta- 

 tions comprising nine hundred trees of E. Gunnii, established 

 at Brightlingsea and to a smaller collection at Broadstone. 

 An article by Dr. Russel Wallace on this species appeared in 

 the " Garden," Ixi. (1902). It may be regarded as quite 

 hardy in the southern and eastern counties, although 

 occasionally some of its branches are cut by severe frosts. 

 Even when its top is injured it usually throws out abundant 

 shoots at ground level. [A photograph of a fine cider gum 

 at Brightlingsea, 50ft. high with a girth of 4ft., and 25 years 

 old was shown.] A well-grown tree of E. Gunnii flourishes at 

 Abbotsbury. It measures 70ft. in height with a girth of 5ft. 

 At Marlborough Lodge, Bournemouth, Mr. C. H. Greaves 

 has a tree 3()ft. high with a girth of 4ft. 



E. W hitting ehamensis. This is said to have been raised 

 from seed brought by the late Lord Salisbury from Tasmania. 

 It is closely allied to E .Gunnii, and by some authors is 

 included under that species. It is said by Dr. Henry to differ 

 usually from typical E. Gunnii in the absence of the glaucous 

 bloom on the branches and leaves of the adult plant. The 

 leaves are lanceolate, longer in proportion to their width than 

 those of E. Gunnii, and never ovate as in that species. The 

 fruit is slightly larger than in E. Gunnii, urn-shaped, with the 

 rim overhanging the contracted part of the fruit just below 

 it. Dr. Henry ventures the opinion that E. W hitting ehamensis 

 may prove to be a hybrid with E. Gunnii as one of the parents, 

 while the urn-shaped fruit suggests the probability of E. 

 urnigera being the other parent, though the tree at Whittinge- 

 hame does not resemble the latter in foliage. This re- 

 markable gum tree, now more than sixty years old, is growing 

 at Whittingehame, the seat of the Right Hon. Arthur Balfour, 

 M.P., in East Lothian. The locality is three miles and a half 

 from the ?ea and 384ft. altitude. The subsoil is gravel. In 

 February, 1904, when measured by Mr. H. J. Elwes, the 

 Whittingehame tree was 60ft. to 63ft. high, with a girth of 



