232 OLD PORTLAND. 



The only known Constable, Warden, or Keeper of the Castle 

 was Richard de Clare, 8th Earl of Clare, and also Earl of 

 Gloucester and of Hertford, in Henry III.'s reign. This 

 Richard had revolted with other barons under Simon de 

 Montfort against the King ; but, quarrelling with de 

 Montfort, he became friendly with and was in attendance 

 on the King in 1259. It was about this time that Richard 

 de Clare was appointed Keeper of the Castle at Portland.* 

 And we may assume that he and his son came here and 

 were attracted by the Island, for this son, Gilbert de Clare, 

 called " Rufus," obtained possession of the Manor of Portland 

 from the monastery of Winchester by exchange. Rufus 

 was a great soldier, and played a leading part in the reigns 

 of Henry III. and Edward I. He married firstly a niece 

 of the former, and secondly a daughter of the latter ; and 

 it was he who proclaimed Edward I. as King. The son 

 of Rufus, who succeeded him in his three earldoms and in 

 his estates, including Portland Manor, was also named Gil- 

 bert de Clare, another great soldier : he was killed at Ban- 

 nockburn (1314), and in turn was succeeded in the titles 

 and estates by his sister, Elizabeth de Clare, known as the 

 Lady of Clare, who endowed in the year 133G University 

 Hall, Cambridge, afterwards Clare Hall, or College, and 

 gave it a body of statutes in 1359. Her niece married Ed- 

 ward III.'s son, Lionel, Duke of Clarence, and their great- 

 grand-daughter by marriage into the York ducal family 

 became the grandmother of Edward IV., and so the Manor 

 of Portland once again came into royal hands. 



The small Norman door-arch in the Keep seen in the 

 picture fell down while Penn lived at Portland, and he built 

 in its place a larger arch in Tudor style, perhaps suggested 

 by Wyatt's " Tudor " arch at the entrance of Pennsylvania 

 Castle grounds. Several largo fragments of what may have 

 been portions of this original Norman door -arch lie within 



* His epitaph is recorded : " Hie pudor Hippoliti, Paridis gena, 

 sensus Ulyseis, ^Enese pietas, Hectoris via jacet." 



