LAMARCK AND LAMARCKISM 31 



and brought about, by the intermediary of the 

 Scolopendra, the luli, and the Cloports, the for- 

 mation of the great group of Crustacea* 



The other worms, retaining aquatic habits, gave 

 the Annelides, the Cirripedes, and finally the Mol- 

 luscs. 



As to the first vertebrates, notwithstanding the 

 considerable hiatus between them and other animals, 

 Lamarck does not hesitate to connect them with the 

 molluscs, first under the form of the Fishes, which 

 afterwards served to form the Batrachians and the 

 Reptiles. It is seemingly from these last, that 

 by two distinct branches, the higher vertebrates 

 are derived : the first branch leads from the Che- 

 lonians to the Birds, and perhaps through the Pen- 

 guins and Wingless Birds to the Monotreme mam- 

 mals (Ornithorhyncus) ; the second branch of 

 the Reptiles leads through the Saurians and 

 Crocodiles to the Amphibious Mammals. These last 

 are the source whence all other mammals have 

 derived their origin. The Amphibious Mammals 

 have, for this purpose, become divided into three 

 branches : one, remaining marine, the Cetacea ; the 

 second, of littoral and herbivorous habits, has de- 

 veloped into the Ungulates; while the third with 

 carnivorous feeding became the Unguiculates. As 



* For the benefit of those unacquainted with zoological divisions, 

 it may be said that the commonest example of the Arachnidse is the 

 spider, while the animals that the author calls luli and Cloports are 

 the myriapods or animals which have no separate abdomen, properly 

 so-called, but bear a pair of legs under each segment of the body, 

 like the common centipede. So the commonest example of the 

 Crustacea or shellfish is the crab. It will of course be plain from 

 what follows that this order of development is not accepted by later 

 naturalists. ED, 



