papular 29trtt0Harj) at gmmatrtJ Mature. 121 



size. A Chank opening to the right, called 

 in Calcutta the right-handed Chank, is so 

 highly prized, as sometimes to sell for 400, 

 or 500, or even 1000 rupees. 



CHANNEL-BILL. (Sc.ythrops.^ A genus 

 of Scansorial birds found in New Holland, 

 &c. [See SCYTHROPS.] 



CHAR ADRI ADJE. A family of Wading 

 birds, or Grallatores, including the British 

 Plover and allied species. [See PLOVER.] 



CHARADRIUS. [See PLOVER.] 



CHARR. (SaJmo salvelinus.) A flsh be- 

 longing to the family Salmoniike, which in- 

 habits the lakes of Scotland, Wales, and the 

 north of England, as well as those of the 

 bolder and more mountainous parts of Eu- 

 rope ; showing a strong predilection for clear 



and pure waters, and being seldom known 

 to wander into running streams, except 

 their bottoms are similar to those of its 

 native lakes. The body is longer and more 

 slender than that of the trout ; the back is 

 of an olive colour, speckled with whitish 

 spots ; the belly is generally red ; the scales 

 are very small, and the lateral lines are 

 straight. The mouth Ic wide ; the jaws are 

 nearly equal ; the lower parts of the fins are 

 of a vermillioii dye : and the gills are quad- 

 ruple. Although the Charr is very scarce 

 in this country, it occurs in many of the 

 lakes of Cumberland, Westmoreland, and 

 Lancaslure ; and its flesh is held in high es- 

 timation. 



CHATTERERS. (Ampclidce.) The Chat- 

 terers are a family of Passerine birds (nearly 

 all of whom are natives of America), sub- 

 sisting on fruits and berries : but as the 

 generality of them reside far from the habi- 

 tations of man, few opportunities occur of 

 becoming fully acquainted with their habits, 

 &c. The only species found in Europe is the 

 Bohemian Chatterer, or Waxwing (Bomby- 

 cillce garrula. [See WAXWING.] 



The PURPLE-BREASTED CHAT- 

 TERER (Ampelte cotinga.) inhabits 

 Brazil. It is about nine inches in length ; 

 beak black ; the head, all the upper parts of 

 the body, and wing-coverts of a splendid 

 glossy blue ; the greater coverts, wings, and 

 tail black ; the throat and fore part of the 

 neck purple, varied with three or four 

 patches of bright scarlet ; breast with a blue, 

 and sometimes also a scarlet band. The 

 female has all the upper parts of the body of 

 a beautiful blue, and the throat, neck, and 

 breast are purple. This and an allied species 

 are often called Pompadour Chatterers, from 

 having been introduced into Europe by the 



extravagant, thoughtless, and ambitious j 

 mistress of Louis XV. A fine series of these i 

 birds may be seen in the noble collection of 

 birds in the British Museum. 



The RED CHATTERER (Ampelis 

 carnifcx) inhabits Guiana and many other 

 parts of South America. The head is crested, 

 and, with the lower part of the back and 

 belly, rump, thighs, and vent, is of a bright 

 crimson ; the rest of the plumage is of a dull 

 red, with the tips of the feathers dusky : the 

 tail is crimson, with the tip black ; the legs 

 a dirty yellow. Its length is about seven 

 inches. 



CHEGOE, or CHIGOE. (Pulex pene- 

 trans.) A small and troublesome Apterous 

 insect of the order Aphaniptera, of a black 

 colour, which penetrates the flesh, and will, if 

 neglected, produce malignant ulcers. It is a j 

 native of South America and the West India 

 islands. It is, in fact, a very small flea, pe- 

 culiar to warm climates, and dangerous as 

 well as troublesome to those whom they at- 

 tack. But our readers shall see what that 

 entertaining naturalist, Waterton, has said 

 upon the subject : " This apparently in- j 

 significant insect far outdoes the bug in the 

 exercise of its noxious qualities. The bug 

 attacks you in an open manner, makes a 

 hearty meal, and then retires to enjoy it : 

 but the Chegoe commences its operations 

 upon you so gently, that they are scarcely ' 

 felt ; and it terminates them in a way that 

 calls for your most serious attention. In a 

 word, it approaches you with such insinu- I 

 ating address, that you absolutely feel a kind 

 of gratification at the very time it is adopt- 

 ing measures which will infallibly end in 

 your certain torment. Soon after the Chegoe 

 has entered your skin, you experience a 

 pleasant itching kind of sensation, by which ; 

 you begin to suspect that all is not right ; 

 and, on taking a nearer view of the part, 

 you perceive that the skin is somewhat dis- 

 coloured. I know it is supposed by some 

 people, that the accounts concerning the 

 Chegoe have been much exaggerated. I am 

 not of this way of thinking, for I myself 

 have smarted under its attacks ; and I nave 

 minutely inspected the foot of a Negro, 

 which was a mass of ulcers, formed entirely 

 by the neglected ravages of the Chegoe. 



"Not content with merely paying you a 

 visit, and then taking itself off again, as is 

 the custom of most insects, this insidious 

 miner contrives to work its way quite under 

 your skin, and there remains to rear a nu- 

 merous progeny. I once had the curiosity 

 to watch the movements of a Chegoe on the 

 back of my hand, a part not usually selected 

 by it to form a settlement. It worked its 

 way pretty rapidly for so small an insect. 

 In half an hour it had bored quite through 

 the skin, and was completely out of sight. 

 Not wishful to encourage its intended colony, 

 4 Avast, there ! my good little fellow,' said 

 I ; we must part company without loss of 

 time. 'I cannot afford to keep you, and a 

 numerous family, for nothing; you would 

 soon eat me out of house and home.' On 

 saying this, I applied the point of my pen- 

 knife to the place where the Chegoe had 



