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PypietrtJhtt); the "Common Bat" of the 

 Continent ( V. Jfurinus) was long supposed 

 to be our " Common Bat ; " but this is now 

 found to be an error. Of the remaining 

 species, two are the most beautiful found in 

 this country, the long-eared Bat, and the 



| lesser long-eared Bat, belonging to the genus 

 Pfecotus, and the other is the Barbastelle. 



\ [See BAT and VAMPIRE BAT.] 



! CHELIFER. A genus of Arachnidoe, 

 belonging to the family called Pseudo-scor- 



\ piones. Their bodies are oval, and they have 

 the palpi elongated like arms, with a claw- 

 like hand with two fingers ; eight legs, all 

 equal, and terminated by two ungues. 



j They resemble small scorpions deprived of 

 tails. The body is flattened, with the thorax 

 nearly square, and having one or two eyes 

 on each side. They run quickly, and often 

 sideways like crabs. Two or three species of 



I this and the closely allied genus Obisium are 



| found in this country. 



CIIELONIA. An order of Reptiles, in- 

 cluding the Tortoises and Turtles ; charac- 

 terized by the body being inclosed between a 

 double shield or shell, from which the head, 

 tail, and limbs are protruded. The animals 

 composing this order vary considerably in 

 those details of their structure which adapt 

 them to different habits of life ; some of them 

 being adapted to reside exclusively upon the 

 solid ground, and others to dwell amidst 

 marshes, the muddy banks of rivers, &c. 

 The LAND TORTOISES (Testudinuke) have a 

 bulged carapace, sustained by a bony ske- 

 leton wholly solid, and anchylosed for the 

 greater part to the lateral edges of the breast- 

 plate ; their legs are truncated, witlx very 

 short toes connected almost to the nails, and 

 are capable, together with the head, of being 

 completely withdrawn into the armour. In 

 the MARSH and RIVER TORTOISKS (Emydce) 

 the toes are divided and webbed, so as to 

 increase the extent of surface ; and in the 

 TURTLES (Chelonida>\ they are extended into 

 large undivided 



propel themselves 

 J. 



paddles, by which they can 

 es rapidly through the water. 

 .S., and Professor Bell have 



E. Gray, F.R.S., 



published monographs of this order. [See 

 TORTOISE and TURTLE.] 



CHELURA. The name applied to a ge- 

 nus of small Amphipodous Crustacea, first 

 found at Trieste by Dr. Philippi, who has 

 described a species which he calls C. tere- 

 brans, from its habit of boring into wood- 



Mr. Thompson. It may prove nearly as de- 

 structive as the Limnoria terebrans [which 



see]. 



CHENALOPEX, or EGYPTIAN GOOSE. 

 A genus of palmiped birds, allied to the Ber- 

 nacle Geese, but distinguished by the length 

 of its legs, and the small spur on the shoulder 

 of the wing. The only known species (Che- 

 nalupex jEgyptiaca) is often figured on the 



work in sea water. This species, or a very 

 closely allied one, has been found at Ar- 

 drossan, in Ayrshire, by Major Martin, and 

 in Dublin Bay, Ireland, by Dr. Allman and 



EGYPTIAN OOOSK. 

 (CBMJALOPKX JKJYPTIAOA ) 



Egyptian monuments : it is a very common 

 bird in aviaries, where it proves very attrac- 

 tive by its pretty colouring, elegant form, 

 and the ease with which it is kept in con- 

 finement. It is a native of the South of 

 Europe, abounding in Sicily, for example ; 

 and in N. Africa it is an abundant species, 

 especially in the Valley of the Nile. 



CHERMES. A genus of four-winged 

 insects, which, like those of the genus Aphis, 

 are found on the leaves, young shoots, and 

 bark of various trees and vegetables. They 

 derive their particular distinctions from the 

 plants or trees on which they feed ; as the ash, 

 alder, elm, box, willow, nettle, &c. The 

 abdomen is pointed, and the legs are formed 

 for leaping. In their larva state many of 

 them appear coated, especially on the hind 

 part of the body, with a flocculent or fila- 

 mentous clammy substance, of a white colour, 

 which exudes from their pores. 



CHEyCAU. (Pteroptochos rubecula.) 

 This curious bird frequents the most gloomy 

 and retired spots within the damp forests o"f 

 the islands forming the Clionos archipelago. 

 Sometimes, although its cry may be heard 

 close at hand, let a person watch ever so at- 

 tentively, he will not see the Cheucau ; at 

 -other times, let him stand motionless, and 

 the red-breasted little bird will approach 

 within a few feet, in the most familiar man- 

 ner. It then busily hops about the entangled 

 mass of rotting canes and branches, with its 

 little tail cocked upwards. Mr.Darwin opened 

 the gizzard of some specimens : it was very 

 muscular, and contained hard seeds, buds of 

 plants, and vegetable fibres, mixed with 

 small stones. The Cheucau is held in su- 

 perstitious fear by the Chilotans, on account 



