of 



487 



the lobes of the mantle. They are usually [ an entire worm. No particular direction 



furnished with numerous vibratory fila- 

 ments ; and are attached, in some way or 

 other, to solid bodies. 



PALMER- WORM. An appellation given 

 to larvae of very different species and genera 

 of Col;optera. [See CALANDRA.] 



A genus of Annelides appa- 

 By the ' Pro- 



PALOLO. 



rently allied to ArenicoJa. 

 ceedings of the Zoological Society' (March 9. 

 1847), we learn that numerous specimens of 

 this Sea Worm were presented to the British 

 Museum by the Rev. J. B. Stair, of the Lon- 

 don Missionary Society, and which has been 

 described by J.E. Gray, Esq. as follows : 

 Body cylindrical, separated into equal joints, 

 each joint with a small tuft of three or four 

 spicula on the middle of each side. Head, 

 - ? Last joint ending in a couple of ten- 

 tacles. Eggs globular. 



Most of the specimens, unfortunately, were 

 broken into short pieces, and Mr. Gray was 

 unable to discover any specimen with a head. 



Palolo viridis, n. s. Green, with a row of 

 round black spots down the middle of the 

 dorsal ? surface ; one spot on the middle of 

 each joint. Habitat. Navigator Islands. 



The following is Mr. Stair's account : 

 " PaMo is the native name for a species of 

 Sea Worm which is found in some parts of 

 Samoa (the Navigator Islands) in the South 

 Pacific Ocean. They come regularly in the 

 months of October and November, during 

 portions of two days in each month, viz. the 

 day before and the day on which the moon 

 is in her last quarter. They appear in much 

 greater numbers on the second than on the 

 first day of their rising, and are only ob- 

 served for two or three hours in the early 

 part of each morning of their appearance. 

 At the first dawn of day they may be felt 

 by the hand swimming on the surface of the 

 water ; and as the day advances their num- 

 bers increase, so that by the time the sun 

 has risen, thousands may be observed in a 

 very small space, sporting merrily during 

 their short visit to the surface of the ocean. 

 On the second day they appear at the same 

 time and in a similar manner, but in such 

 countless myriads that the surface of the 

 ocean is covered with them for a consider- 

 able extent. On each day, after sporting 

 for an hour or two, they disappear until the 

 next season, and not one is ever observed 

 during the intervening time. Sometimes, 

 when plentiful at one island in one month, 

 scarcely any are observed the next ; but , 

 they always appear with great regularity at | 

 the times mentioned, and these are the only 

 times at which they are observed throughout 

 the whole year. The; 

 certain 



appeared to be taken by them in swimming. 

 I observed carefully to see whether they 

 came from sea-ward or rose from the reef, 

 and feel assured they come from the latter 

 place. The natives are exceedingly fond of 

 them, and calculate with great exactness 

 the time of their appearance, which is looked 

 forward to with great interest. The worms 

 are caught in small baskets, beautifully 

 made, and when taken on shore are tied up 

 in leaves in small bundles, and baked. Great 

 quantities are eaten undressed, but either 

 dressed or undressed are esteemed a great 

 delicacy. Such is the desire to eat Palolo 

 by all classes, that immediately the fishing 

 parties reach the shore, messengers are dis- 

 patched in all directions with large quan- 

 tities to parts of the island on which none 

 appear." 



PALUDINA. 



lusca, very widely diffused in rivers and 

 ponds, and occasionally found in salt 



A genus of fluviatile Mol- 

 diff. 



r. They are found only in 

 f the islands, generally near 



marshes, but not in the sea. The shell is 

 cone-shaped, varying in form from oval to 

 globose, and having the whorls rounded j 

 aperture roundish, angnlated above ; mar- 

 gins of the inner and outer lip united ; oper- 

 culum horny ; shell covered by a greenish 

 epidermis. The head of the animal is fur- 

 nished with a proboscis, and two tentacula, 

 having eyes at the base ; foot somewhat 

 triangular. The Paludins are viviparous. 



PAMPHILA. A genus of diurnal Lepi- 

 doptera ; two species of which are here- 

 under described. 



PAMPHILA SYLVANUS ; or CLOUDED SKIP- 

 PER BUTTERFLY. This well-known insect is 

 commonly found on the borders of woods 

 and in woody lanes, about the end of May 

 and in July. The wings above are a bright 

 fulvous, with the hinder margin and the 

 nervures brown, the margin itself marked 

 with a strong black line : the anterior wings 

 faintly spotted with fulvous : the posterior 

 tawny ash-colour ; beneath fulvous, with the 

 tip of the anterior wings slightly tipped with 

 greenish, and a black patch at the base ; 

 posterior wings obscure greenish, faintly spot- 

 ted with yellowish-white, with a very slender 

 marginal line : cilia fulvous. The male has 

 a black line on the disc of the superior 

 wings, and the nervures and marginal streak 

 are broader and of a deeper black than in the 

 female ; in which sex the spots are more 

 distinct on both surfaces of the wings. 



PAMPHILA PANISCUS; or CHEQUERED BUT- 

 TERFLY. A somewhat scarce and very local 

 species, which makes its appearance about 

 the end of May. Its wings above are black 

 brown, spotted with tawny : anterior with a 



the openings of the reefs on portions of the | central blotch, followed by an interrupted 

 coast on which much fresh water is found ; band, intersected with black veins, with two 

 but this is not always the case. | gmaller posterior spots, and a marginal band 



in size they may be compared to a very ] of tawny dots : posterior wings with three dis- 

 fine straw, and are of various colours and coidal spots, and a row of dots, all tawny 

 lengths, green, brown, white, and speckled, fringe of the same colour, but black at the 

 and in appearance and mode of swimming i base : beneath the anterior wings are yel- 

 resemble very small snakes. They are ex- J lowish, with three discoidal spots, and four 

 ceedmgly brittle, and if broken into many or five smaller posterior ones: posterior 

 pieces, each piece swims oft as though it were [ wings yellowish-brown, with seven larger 



