682 



Crcatfttrg of Natural ^t 



ticularize the TIIVMELE MALV^E ; or THK 

 GRIZZLED SKIPPER BUTTERFLY. This ele- 

 gant and variable insect is distinguished by 

 its numerous white or cream-coloured quad- 



w 



GRIZZLED SKIPPER BCJTTBRFIiY 

 (THYMSLE MA.LV.JE. ) 



rangular notched spots on a dusky ground ; 

 the posterior wings with the white spots in the 

 centre forming an interrupted band : all the 



wings hnve a white or cream-coloured fringe 

 barred with black : beneath, the anterior wings 

 are pale greenish-gray, with white spots, as 

 above ; the posterior wings are grayish-green 



also spotted as above : fringe with black 

 bars narrower than on the upper surface. 

 The Grizzle frequents woods, commons, dry 

 banks, and meadows about the end of May. 



THYNNUS. [See TuNTrr.] 



THYSANOPTERA. The name given to 

 an order of insects of a very minute size, 

 scarcely exceeding a line in length ; charac- 

 terized by long, narrow, membranoiis wings, 

 neither folded nor reticulated, with long 

 cilia, laid horizontally along the back when 

 at rest ; mouth with two setiform mandibles; 

 two triangular flat palpigerous maxilla;, and 

 a palpigerous labium ; tarsi, with two joints, 

 vesiculose at the tip : pupa active, semi- 

 complete. The order comprises but a single 



family, Thripitlce, the species of which, how- 

 ever, are rather numerous. These insects 

 are found upon various plants, sometimes 

 swarming in immense profusion in various 

 kinds of flowers, especially the large white 

 hedge-convolvulus : they feed upon the 

 juices of plants, and are often extremely in- 

 jurious, especially in hot-houses, vine-houses, 

 melon and cucumber beds, &c., the leaves 

 upon which they reside being marked all 

 over with small decayed patches. One spe- 

 cies (Thrips cercalitim) infests the wheat, 

 sometimes to a mischievous extent. It takes 

 its station in the furrow of the seed, in the 

 bottom of which it fixes its rostrum, and by 

 depriving the seed of its moisture, causes it 

 to shrink up. One sex of this species is 

 apterous ; the larva is yellow and very nim- 

 ble, and the pupa is whitish, witli black 

 eyes, and very sluggish. This species also 

 gnaws the stems above the knots, and causes 

 the abortion of the ear. It is said that in 

 1805 the wheat crops in England suffered 

 materially from this minute insect. 



THYSANOURA. The name given to an 

 order of apterous insects, comprising many 

 species, none of which undergo a metamor- 

 phosis. They are furnished with six legs, 

 and have at the sides of the body, or its ex- 

 tremity, peculiar organs of locomotion. The 

 order contains two families. In the first, 

 the LEPISUAD^E, the abdomen is furnished 

 on each side with a row of movable appen- 

 dages, like false legs ; and is terminated by 

 long pointed bristles, of which three are usu- 

 ally most remarkable. In the second family 

 (the POTHTRIDJJ), the appendages to the sides 

 of the aNlomen are wanting ; but the extre- 

 mity of it is prolonged into a forked tail, by 

 which these insects can take very surprising 

 leaps. [See PODCRA.] 



TICK. The Ricinia, commonly known as 

 Ticks, belong to the ACARID.K [which see> 



They are small, disagreeable animals, usu- 

 ally of a flattened, round, or oval form; 

 generally destitute of eyes, but have the 

 mouth provided with lancets, that enable 

 them to penetrate more readily the skins of 

 animals whose blood they suck. They fasten 

 upon horses, cows, sheep, dogs, and other 

 quadrupeds ; and they bury their suckers 

 (which are often furnished with minute re- 

 curved hooks) so firmly in the skin, that 

 they can scarcely be detached without a 

 portion of it coming away with them. They 

 acquire a very considerable size by suction, 

 being frequently distended like a blown 

 bladder, and full of blood. It is common 

 to find them in thick woods, abounding in 

 brushwood, briars, &c., and attaching them- 

 selves to plants with the two anterior legs. 

 [For an account of a curious species of Tick 

 commonly called Red-Spider, see SPIDER.] 



TIGER. ( Felis tigris.) This most beau- 

 tiful, but most destructive of quadrupeds, is 

 undoubtedly, next to the Lion, also the most 

 powerful animal of the feline species. It is 

 a native of the warmer parts of Asia, and is 

 principally found in India and the Indian 

 islands ; though the species extends as far I 

 as China, Chinese Tartary, and the Altaic 



