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APEX. The top or termination of any part. 

 In conchology, the top or point of the 

 spiral cone. The term has no regard 

 to the natural position of a shell, but is 

 used mathematically to express the nu- 

 cleus or first formed part : from this point 

 the shell rapidly or slowly enlarges as it 

 descends, and takes a spiral, arcuated, 

 straight, oblique, convolute, or irregular 

 course. 



APHIDIAN. Pertaining to the aphis or plant- 

 louse. 



APHIDIVOROUS. Subsisting on the aphis or 

 plant-louse ; a term applied to the larva 

 and imago of many insects. 



APIARY. The shed, stand, or other place 

 where bees are kept. 



APICAL. Belonging to the apex, or pointed 

 end of a cone-shaped body. 



APICULATE. Terminating suddenly in a 

 small filiform truncate apex. 



APODAL. Without feet or locomotive or- 

 gans : fishes are so called which have no 

 ventral fins. 



APOPHYSIS. An excrescence. 



APPENDICULA. A small piece sometimes 

 appended to the upper lip of an insect. 



APPENDICULATE. When from one of the 

 joints of an insect there issues an accessory 

 joint or appendage ; when the appendages 

 have one or two antenniform processes at 

 their base. 



APPLICANT. Applied to insects' wings when 

 at rest they are parallel with the abdomen. 



APPROXIMATE. When the teeth of insects 

 are so arranged in the jaws that there is 

 no intervening vacancy ; or when their 

 legs are near each other at the base. 



APTEROUS. Wingless ; applied to insects 

 which have no wings. 



AQUATIC. Pertaining to water : applied to 

 animals which live in water, as fishes ; or 

 to such as frequent it, as aquatic birds. 



ARACHNOID. Formed like a spider's web. 



ARBOREAL. ARBOREOUS. Belonging to trees ; 

 resorting to or dwelling in trees. 



ARBORESCENT. Branched, or bearing some 

 resemblance to a tree. 



ARCTIC. Pertaining to northern regions ; as 

 the arctic pole, or sea. 



ARCUATE. Linear and bent like a bow. 



ARCUATED. Bent in the form of an arch. 



AREA. The surface between given lines or 

 boundaries. 



ARE ATE. When the mesothorax of an insect 

 is larger than the prothorax, and termi- 

 nates towards the wings in two oblique 

 areas, inclosed by a ridge often crowned 

 anteriorly with little teeth. 



ARENOSE. Sandy ; having the appearance 

 of being sprinkled with sand. 



AREOLAR. Consisting of or marked with 

 numerous small circles. 



AREOLATE. Marked with lines which in- 

 tersect each other in various directions, so 

 as to exhibit the appearance of net-work ; 

 when the surface of the wings is divided 

 into various areolets. 



AREOLA. A small area or circle. 



AREOLET. An extremely small circle. 



ARGENT. The splendour of silver : as, the 

 spots on the under side of the wings in 

 Argynnis Lathonia, &c. 



ARISTATE. Antennae terminated by a va- 

 riously shaped flat joint, longer and usually 

 larger than the preceding one. 



ARMATURE. Horns, spinous processes, or 

 whatever else animals are furnished with 

 for their defence. 



ARMILLATE. When a leg, antenna, &c. of 

 an insect is surrounded by a broad ring of 

 a different colour. 



AROMATIC. Having a pungent scent of 

 spices. 



ARTHHIUM. The fourth joint of the tarsi of 

 insects. 



ARTHROIDAL. A term denoting that form 

 of joint, or species of articulation, in which 

 the head of one bone is received into the 

 shallow socket of another. 



ARTICULATE FASCIA. A band consisting of 

 contiguous spots. 



ARTICULATED. Jointed : applied to animals 

 with external jointed skeletons, or jointed 

 limbs. The term is also applied to distinct 

 parts of shells, that are fitted or jointed 

 into each other. 



ASCENDING. Inclining upwards by a some- 

 what steep ascent. 



ASPER. ASPERATED. Rough ; denoting a 

 rough or uneven surface. 



ASSIMILATE. To change into a like sub- 

 stance. 



ASPHYXIATED. In a state of suspended 

 animation, but life not extinct. 



ASTERIALITE. Fossilized asterias or star- 

 fish. 



ATROUS. Pure black of the deepest tint. 



ATTENUATED. Of a thin and slender form ; 

 made slender, thin, or less viscid ; gradu- 

 ally tapering to the apex ; disproportion- 

 ately slender in part. 



AURATE. Of a colour resembling gold. 



AURELIA. The chrysalis of an insect. 



AURELIAN. Like or pertaining to the au- 

 relia. 



AURICLE. The external ear, or that part 

 which is prominent from the head. In 

 anatomy, the auricles of the heart are two 

 muscular bags, situated at the base, which 

 in form resemble the auricle of the ear, 

 and cover the ventricles of the heart, like 

 caps : they receive the blood from the 

 veins, and communicate it to the ven- 

 tricles. Also, an appendage resembling 

 an ear. 



AURICLED. AURICULATED. Having ear- 

 like appendages. These terms are used in 

 describing certain bivalves, which have a 

 flat angulated projection, or process, on 

 one or both sides of the umbones or bosses. 



AURICULARS. The feathers which cover the 

 ears of birds. 



ATJRICULATE. Expanding on each side into 

 two processes resembling ears. 



AURIFORM. Ear-shaped. 



AUSTRAL. Lying or being in, or inhabiting 

 the south ; as, they dwell in austral lands. 



AUTOMATIC. Possessed of the power of mo- 

 tion independent of the will. 



AVIARY. An inclosure for keeping birds 

 confined. 



AXILLAR. Belonging to the axilla (the arm- 

 pit) ; the term is also applied to other 

 parts of the body forming a similar angle. 



Axis. In conchology, the imaginary line 



