TRANSPORTATION ON LAND BY VEHICLES:— THE ROADS 



57 



both sides of the car, where they rest on the bolsters 

 next to rollers. The splice joints left on the rail are 

 showing to one side. The crew removes usually, 

 at a time, 20 rails from each side of track, together 

 with the ties belonging thereto. The removal and 

 the laying of 400 yards of track constitutes a day's 

 work. 



The right of way is cleared to a width of 

 eighteen feet. Dead trees and overhanging trees are 

 also removed from near by. Rough cribs are built 

 of dead trees over depressions and swampy places, 

 where longitudinal stringers carry the rail. 



The consensus of opinion, amongst Southern 

 logging superintendents, places the cost, incurred 

 per 1,000 feet b. m. of logs, for taking up steel, 

 laying steel and repairs to track at the following 

 figures :- 



Arkansas ... from 51 to 55 cents 



Texas from 28'2 to 30 cents 



Louisiana ... from 21 to 38 cents 

 Mississippi ... from 21 to 25 cents 



Per mile of track, consisting of 30-foot rail, 

 352 pairs offish plates and 1,408 bolts are required. 

 The cost of each joint (2 fish plates and 4 bolts) 

 approximates in cents the weight of the rail in pounds. 

 The bolts come in kegs of 200 pounds. A keg 

 contains from 210 bolts V4"X3V-," up to 600 bolts 



y-,"x3". 



Per mile of track, containing 2,640 cross ties, 

 there are required 9,560 railroad spikes. Spikes 

 sell at 2 cents per pound, approximately; they come 

 in 200- pound kegs, a keg containing from 375 spikes 

 ■Vie" X SSV'upto 1,342 spikes ■." Y. 2\,". Multiplying 

 the weight of the rail by 120, the approximate weight 

 in pounds of adequate spikes required per mile of 

 road is obtained. Twenty pound rail requires 3- inch 

 spikes, thirty pound rail 4-inch spikes; heavier rail 

 requires 5-inch spikes. 



If the rail weighs n pounds and costs # 30 per ton, 

 the cost of iron and steel per mile of new road is 

 in dollars: — 



n 



7 



Rail:-nX^X30 



Joints: - 



100 



352 



Spikes :-n: 120 



2 

 100 



Rail-laying car and engine at worJc on John L. Roper Lumber 

 Company's holdings, Eastern North Carolina. 



li.istcru Nnilli („iriil 



Total 



1330 

 :-n[^ 



3-52 + 2-40 = 53-06 n 



Logging by narrow 



gauge railroads 

 forests, Galicia. 



in the Austrian State 



