CHOICE BETWEEN THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS OF TRANSPORTATION 



85 



Aerial logging in operation. Lidgerwood Mfg. Co., Liberty St., New Yorl<. 



In the fir-woods of Washington, the expense of aerial logging is by '/: less than the e.xpense of 

 logging by donkeys, provided that the trees are plentiful and not too large, and further provided that pulls 

 exceeding a distance of 900 feet can be avoided. 



The Lidgerwood cleans up rapidly, at one setting, a circle having a radius of 900 feet equal to 60 acres 

 approximately. 



PARAGRAPH Xlll. 

 CHOICE BETWEEN THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS OF TRANSPORTATION. 



Conditions governing the selection of means of transportation are:- 



(a) Topography. Steep grades make it advisable to send products down by their own weight, so 

 that animals and vehicles need not reascend the grade; 



(b) Periodicity of rain and snow fall (Examples: -West Virginia for spring rains. Lake States for 

 snow fall, California for spring drouth) invite the use of means relying on water supply, on 

 layers of snow, on dry soil; 



(c) Rocky soil entails blasting expenses and thus increases the expense of railroading and road 

 building. Wet or swampy soil requires an artificial surface on which means of transportation 

 are placed; 



(d) Existence of drivable creeks and rivers, their grade, rockiness, curves, steadiness of flow, the 

 spans and number of bridges crossing them, the danger or help expected from freshets are 

 factors bearing on the advisability of water courses used as means of transportation ; 



(e) Availability of building material in the forest, especially the price of rails and ties and the 

 quality of stone, &c. ; 



(f) Total amount of stumpage, and stumpage per acre to be carried away from a given locality 

 annually, periodically or once only; 



r 



