NOVELTY MILLS 



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Two -facing knives shave the blocl< clean between every two cuts, carving out true edges. 

 A screw-fed carriage automatically feeds the block into the knives. No skilled labor is required. 

 The attendant merely removes the remnants of a spanned block and places a new block in the carriage. 



(B) WOODEN WIRE. Wooden wire is used for mattings, screens, inner rack of ladies' hats, &c. 

 The raw material consists of willow, basswood and poplar plank. 



A series of planing knives, in the form of sharp rimmed, fine steel cylinders, plies in a sliding frame 

 over the plank, severing at each stroke a series of wires having the length of the plank. 



A straight planer knife follows in the wake of the fine cylinders, removing the irregularities left on 

 the plank. 



(C) TOOL HANDLES, INSULATOR PINS, BOBBINS, SPOOLS, SHOE LASTS, <&c., are turned on 

 an automatic turning lathe. The thread of insulator pins and brackets (locust) is obtained by an automatic 

 thread-cutting machine. 



Shoe lasts are cut from ironwood, beech, birch, or ash. They are blocked out roughly, to begin with, 

 by a circular or by a band scroll saw. The raw blocks are air-dried and kiln -dried before being spanned 

 into an automatic turning lathe. The point of the foot requires trimming on 

 a special shaping machine. iM/fi^orrCCy 



Handle turning lathe. Trevor Mfg. Co., Lockport, N. Y. 



Copying lathe. Defiance Machine Works, 

 Defiance, Ohio. 



(D) WOODEN SHOE PEGS are used to fix the "uppers" to the shoe sole and to construct the heek 

 The pegs are automatically fed from a pegging machine. 



Pegs are '/s inch to '/s inch long, square with a prismatic head. 

 The raw material consists of birch and hard maple. 



I. The blocks are cut into discs, Vs to '/^ inch thick, by a circular saw. 



II. The discs are pointed in a pointing machine, which plows parallel grooves, lengthwise and crosswise, 

 into the discs. 



The distance between two furrows equals the width of the peg. 



Ill The splitting machine severs, by the gradual strokes of a knife (first stroke down to '/■,, second 

 stroke down to Vi of thickness of disc), the disc into strips of pegs and, playing crosswise, into individual 

 pegs. After each stroke of the knife the disc is moved toward it by the width of one furrow. During 

 the operation the disc is held in a leather frame. 



IV. The wet, red pegs are then bleached by applying sulphuric acid; then dried in heated drums; then 

 cleaned from splinters and irregularities by sifting. 



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