BREEDS OF HORSES IN THE OLD WORLD 19I 



7th. The Turkoman horse, a native of Turkestan and 

 South Tartary. Larger than the Arab, ' inexhaustible under 

 fatigue,' of high vahie. Never imported into England for 

 stud purposes. 



8th. The Tartar and Calmuck horse is almost in a wild 

 state on the great plains of Central Asia and European 

 Russia. Small, badly made and easily beaten, not in any 

 demand. 



9th. The Turkish horse, originally descended from the '^, 



Arab, and crossed with Persian and other strains. This ''^X ^ 

 breed has contributed largely to the improvement of our 

 English horses, the Byerly Turk and the Helmsley Turk 

 being household words in the stud-book. 



loth. The German horse is large, heavy and slow, the 

 Hungarian being an exception. In Prussia proper, judicious 

 crossing with English blood from selected sires has greatly 

 improved the old breed. 



nth. The Swedish, Finland and Norwegian horse, twelve 

 hands high, and speedy in proportion to his height. 



12th. The Iceland horse, hardy and diminutive. Accord- 

 ing to some accounts, of Norwegian origin ; to others, of 

 Scottish. 



13th. The Flemish and Dutch horse, large, strong and 

 well-formed. Our cart-horse is largely indebted to sires 

 of Flemish extraction. 



14th. The French horse, except in the cases of the ponies 

 of Auvergne and Poitou, and horses of Limousin and Nor- 

 mandy, much mixed with English blood, attended with the 

 best results. 



15th. The Spanish horse, inferior in all ways to a York- 

 shire half-bred. The best is a degenerate descendant of 

 the Spanish jennet of former days. 



