SPAYED COWS. 305 



the plan that may be adopted for the cure of umbilical 

 hernia in calves, they must be kept separate from one 

 another, as each will such the other, thus preventing 

 closure of tho rupture and healing of the parts. 



Siberian Boil Plague. — Carbuncular Disease. This 

 is one of those diseases affecting cattle on the Russian 

 Siberian Steppes. It is a blood poison or pyemia, and is 

 closely allied to the other Russian Steppe disease, com- 

 monly called rinderpest and cattle plague. 



Slinking the Calf. — (See Abortion.) 



Sore Throat. — (See Bronchitis.) 



Spaying. — This is the name given to an operation 

 for the removal of the ovaries or female testicles from the 

 milch cow and young female oxen. The object for the 

 removal of the ovaries from young cows that never have 

 had a calf, is to prevent them from ever having a desire for 

 the male, so that she will be the more easily fattened and 

 fitted for the market. Young cows so operated upon, are 

 henceforth called heifers. 



Spayed Cows, the Advantages of. — The following 



are the reasons why dairymen should spay their cows, 

 when not intended for breeding : 



1. Spayed cows arc more easily kept in good condition 

 than cows not spayed. 



2. They are less liable to sickness of an epizootic kind, 

 and Avhen sick, more certain and easy of cure. 



3. When epizootic diseases are present in the vicinity, 

 or even in the herd, spayed cows are always in condition, 

 and fit for the batcher. To prevent loss and save expense 

 in the treatment, with the attendant risk of loss of some, 

 and loss of condition and milk of all that are affected, they 



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