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GARDEN CRAFT IN EUROPE 



all property within the protecting lines of a moat was thereby lessened, a 

 much greater scope was afforded for the development of the pleasure garden. 

 The love of our Tudor monarchs for flowers and gardens was very pronounced, 

 and Henry VIII, like Frangois I, delighted in surrounding all his palaces 

 with splendid pleasaunces. In the portraits, too, of Queen Elizabeth we 

 often see her decked with blossoms, and she evidently shared her father's 

 love of flowers. By her influence she did very much to encourage her nobles 



ENCLOSED GARDEN AND MOUNT AT NEW COLLEGE, OXFORD, ABOUT I733. 



to live at their country seats ; and the fine houses and gardens laid out in 

 her reign have not often been equalled for good taste and beauty. 



One of the first innovations in garden design was the flower bed, separated 

 and enclosed within a railing of trellis, or raised from the ground by a low 

 wall of brick or stone. Another important feature was the introduc- 

 tion of topiary work. The more sober tastes of the English gardeners 

 restrained them from the excesses of their Continental neighbours, 

 neither were water surprises and hydraulic jokes to the liking of the 

 gentleman of Tudor days. The mount, often, as Leland says, " writhen 



