GERMAN AND AUSTRIAN GARDENS 



261 



them to be gold." The menagerie that was founded in these days still 

 exists, the delight of the youth of Vienna on Sundays. The great parterre, 

 shown in our illustration, was enlarged and re-laid out for the Emperor 

 Francis I by Adrian Steckhoven, a Dutch gardener from Leyden. Steck- 

 hoven was assisted by Van der Schott of Delft, and together they con- 

 structed immense ranges of hothouses and formed the great botanic garden 

 here, bringing from Holland all the plants they could collect. Expedi- 

 tions were despatched to the West Indies and to South America to collect 

 rare plants, which were shipped to Leghorn, whence they were transported 

 on the backs of mules to Schonbrunn. Unfortunately in 1780 an accident 

 caused the loss of most of the plants ; the gardener forgot to light the stoves 

 during a frosty night, and 

 hoping to remedy the evil 

 in the morning by making a 

 brisk fire ; the sudden change 

 of temperature proved fatal 

 to most of the trees. Joseph 

 II engaged naturalists to 

 undertake a new voyage to 

 the West Indies and America 

 to replenish the houses. 

 Schonbrunn was celebrated 

 for its beautiful sculpture ; 

 in the parterre were thirty- 

 two marble statues by Beyer 

 and others. There are still 

 many fine fountains remain- 

 ing in the gardens. 



Just outside the fortifications of Vienna, but now quite within the 

 city boundary, were the gardens of Princes Liechtenstein and Schwartzenberg ; 

 the latter were laid out in the French manner in about 1720 under 

 the direction of le Sieur Giraud, whose work has been already noticed at 

 Nymphenburg. Giraud was considerably assisted here in his fountain 

 display by the slight fall in the land, of which he took full advantage. The 

 garden walks are laid out everywhere for carriages, and upon both sides of 

 the garden stairways are mosaic ramps for carriage traffic. The old Augarten 



AN ALLEY AT SCHONBRUNN. 



